We study the complexity of computing Boolean functions on general Boolean domains by polynomial threshold functions (PTFs). A typical example of a general Boolean domain is {1, 2}. We are mainly interested in the length (the number of monomials) of PTFs, with their degree and weight being of secondary interest. We show that PTFs on general Boolean domains are tightly connected to depth two thre...

Quantum computing has become a promising approach because of its capability to solve certain problems, exponentially faster than classical computers. A n -qubit quantum system is capable providing 2 computational space algorithm. However, computers are prone errors. circuits that can reliably run on today’s Noisy Intermediate-Scale (NISQ) devices not only limited by their qubit counts but also ...

In CMOS circuits, as the technology scales down to nanoscale, the sub-threshold leakage current increases with the decrease in the threshold voltage. LECTOR, a technique to tackle the leakage problem in CMOS circuits, uses two additional leakage control transistors, which are self-controlled, in a path from supply to ground which provides the additional resistance thereby reducing the leakage c...

In this paper, supply, process & temperature compensated, low voltage current reference for CMOS integrated circuits is presented. To minimize production cost, it uses no BJTs, external components or trimming procedures. This circuit is designed in Intel-22nm process and evaluated by computer simulations. The circuit behaviour is supported by theoretical expressions and is in agreement with sim...

High leakage current in deep sub-micron regimes is becoming a significant contributor to power dissipation of CMOS circuits as threshold voltage, channel length, and gate oxide thickness are reduced. Consequently, leakage control and reduction are very important, especially for low power applications. The reduction in leakage current has to be achieved using both process and circuit level techn...

CMOS is used to construct the integrated circuits with low level of static leakage. With this low level leakage we are designing all the transistor circuits in CMOS logic. To control this static leakage in the circuits the supply voltage is a major concern. Here the step-up converters with charge pump and the level for maintaining its threshold voltage (VT) is to be analyzed and proposed. Here ...

We examine the power of constant depth circuits with sigmoid (i.e. smooth) threshold gates for computing boolean functions. It is shown that, for depth 2, constant size circuits of this type are strictly more powerful than constant size boolean threshold circuits (i.e. circuits with linear threshold gates). On the other hand it turns out that, for any constant depth d, polynomial size sigmoid t...

For a decade, low-power design has been part of mainstream semiconductor R&D activities, while ultra-lowpower (ULP) design remained dedicated to niche markets of particular applications such as sensor networks, RFIDs and biomedical devices, where speed performances are not critical. However, today’s 65/45nm CMOS technologies offer so compact circuits and high device performance that they give t...

Wide-range level shifters play critical roles in ultra-low-voltage circuits and systems. Although state-of-the-art level shifters can convert a sub threshold voltage to the standard supply voltage, they may have limited operating ranges, which restrict the flexibility of dynamic voltage scaling. Therefore, this paper presents a novel level shifter, of which the operating range is from a deep su...

Numerous efforts have made to balance the tradeoff between power consumption, area and speed of a design. While studying the design at the two extreme ends of the design spectrum, namely the ultra-low power with acceptable performance at one end and high performance with power within limit at the other has not made. One solution to achieve the ultra-low power consumption is to operate the desig...