Our main aim is to present a geometrically meaningful formula for the fundamental solutions to a second order sub-elliptic differential equation and to the heat equation associated with a sub-elliptic operator in the sub-Riemannian geometry on the unit sphere S. Our method is based on the Hamiltonian-Jacobi approach, where the corresponding Hamitonian system is solved with mixed boundary condit...

The antibacterial activity of a series of ionic liquids containing short-chained 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations ([Cnmim+]; n = 2, 4, 6 and 8) and bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide anion ([Tf2N]) against E. coli and B. subtilis was measured, for the first time. All ILs used in this work were synthesized and analyzed by Fourier transform i...

A fullerene is any molecule composed entirely of carbon, in the form of a hollow sphere.Naphazoline is a sympathomimetic agent with marked alpha adrenergic activity. It is a vasoconstrictor with a rapid action in reducing swelling when applied to mucous membrane. It acts on alpha-receptors in the arterioles of the conjunctiva to produce constriction, resulting in decreased congestion. It is an ...

This paper proposes an opportunistic framework to modeling and control of multi-robots moving-target pursuit in dynamic environment with partial observability. The partial observability is achieved via the introduction of third party agent (referred to as mediator) that transforms the target’s as well as group members’ positioning information into the robotic agents’ common knowledge, thereby e...

Recent advances in vision technology lead to the establishment of non-verbal communication channels from human behaviors toward understanding their intention. An Adaptive Vision-based Attentive Tracker (AVAT) is proposed for isolating such human intended actions from the ordinary walking behavior. The algorithm which drives the attentive tracker is divided into two sub-processes: one is for mod...

Previous studies on fiscal policy at the zero bound have focused on models with perfect foresight. However, the recent economic environment motivating such research is characterized by a high degree of uncertainty. This paper studies optimal government spending and monetary policy when the nominal interest rate is subject to the zero lower bound constraint in a stochastic environment. In the pr...