Currently, the most frequent causes of ischemic stroke in young adults are cardioembolism, premature atherosclerosis, dissection of extracranial arteries, migraine, drugs and hypercoagulable states [11,12,15,17]. However, it has not always been like this, as previously undetermined etiology was by far the most prevalent. Although still common, undetermined etiology is now less frequent as a res...

In adults, migraine with aura is considered to be a risk factor for stroke, especially when other risk factors exist. However, the relationship between migraine with aura and risk of cerebral infarct in children has not been well established and requires further study. We describe four young patients who suffered from migraine with aura and focal neurological deficits. All four patients had mig...

The differential diagnosis for an acute hemiparesis in a child includes stroke, Todd paralysis, and hemiplegic migraine. In the context of an illustrative case, this review highlights the differences in clinical presentation among these entities and an approach to the diagnostic workup. Migraine with aura in children is reviewed, including migraine equivalents such as abdominal migraine and the...

SMART syndrome (stroke like migraine attacks after radiation) has been described as a late delayed side effect of cerebral irradiation and comprises prolonged, unilateral, neurological symptoms with transient, cortical gadolinium enhancement sometimes punctuated by seizures and ipsilateral EEG slowing [1]. Here we describe a patient with non-convulsive status epilepticus with prominent negative...

Clinical question " What is the risk of taking oral contraceptives in patients with a history of migraine with transient neurological signs? " A woman with a history of migraine associated with hemiparaesthesia, and possibly dysphasia, attended her general practitioner suffering from irregular and frequent menstrual cycles. The doctor considered treatment with oral contraceptives to control her...

Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a clinical syndrome associated with mitochondrial disorders (MIDs). This report illustrates a case of MELAS syndrome with hypothyroidism and psychiatric disorders, which is different from the common clinical manifestations of MELAS syndrome, such as exercise intolerance, migraine-like headaches, hearing ...

Stroke mimics, like attacks of hemiplegic migraine, are challenging in acute stroke evaluation. We present a 28-year-old woman with a suspected hemiplegic migraine attack with left-sided hemiparalysis. Brain CT with perfusion imaging 1 h 54 min after symptom onset revealed hypoperfusion in the right hemisphere. The patient was treated with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r...

Background: Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome is a possible long term consequence of cranial beam and may present as perfect mimic with or without aura. Methods Results: We 57-year-old man suffering from diffuse astrocytoma presenting SMART perfectly mimicking his antecedent visual He was treated intravenous steroid inducing rapid response. Conclusion: rare c...