Contingency is necessary to mitigate and control risk associated with construction projects. Successful contingency estimation and risk mitigation strategies can help project managers to effectively control cost and schedule. Some practitioners mitigate risk by transferring it to another party with less effort and minimum cost. However, this may lead to undesirable results such as; useless depl...

Tsunamis are high-impact, long-duration disasters that in most cases allow for only minutes of warning before impact. Since the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami, there have been significant advancements in warning methodology, pre-disaster preparedness and basic understanding of related phenomena. Yet, the trail of destruction of the 2011 Japan tsunami, broadcast live to a stunned world audience, unders...

Driven by policy changes and technological advancement, wind power installations are booming as compared to any other types of power generation. However, the increased penetration of renewable generation in the power systems has resulted in high level of curtailment. Advanced energy storage technologies have been increasingly scrutinized as a feasible mitigation option in smart grids. This pape...

An increasing number of field studies that focus on grapevine berry development and ripening implement systems biology approaches; the results are highlighting not only the intricacies of the developmental programming/reprogramming that occurs, but also the complexity of how profoundly the microclimate influences the metabolism of the berry throughout the different stages of development. In a p...

conclusions according to the findings of the present study, more attention should be paid to the mission and vision of the organizations in disaster preparedness. to improve the disaster preparedness measures, more emphasis should be placed on other disaster preparedness strategies such as response mechanisms and information systems. methods this was a qualitative research, which utilized conte...

The livestock sector in Pakistan occupies a unique position in the national agenda of economic development. The current study was conducted to evaluate a heat stress mitigation strategy through different feeding times on the performance i.e. milk yield, milk composition and physiochemical properties of milk in dairy cattle during the summer season. Twenty Holstein Friesian cows (HF) were random...

The urban heat island effect 1 can be detected throughout the year, but it is of particular public policy concern during the summer, because higher surface air temperature is associated with increases in electricity demand for air conditioning, air pollution, and heat stress–related mortality and illness (Rosenfeld et al. 1995; Nowak et al. 2000; Sailor et al. 2002; Hogrefe et al. 2004). In New...