today fingerprinting techniques are increasingly adopted as an alternative and more direct and reliable means of assembling sediment source information. one of the principal assumptions of sediment fingerprinting is that potential catchment sediment sources can be distinguished on the basis of their physical, geochemical and biological properties or fingerprint properties. however, while the so...

The observation of peak flows into river or stream system is not straight forward but complex function of hydrology and geology. Accurate suspended sediment prediction in rivers is an integral component of sustainable water resources and environmental systems modeling. Agricultural fields’ fertility decays, rivers capacity decreases and reservoirs are filled due to sedimentation. The observatio...

Concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) were measured in water, bottom sediment and tissues (muscle and gills) of Leuciscus cephalus from the Dipsiz stream in the Yatagan basin (southwestern Turkey), the site of a thermal power plant. Results for levels in water were compared with national and international water quality guidelines, as well as literature values were reported for ...

The Afon Goch (Anglesey, UK) is a short (12 km source to estuary) stream highly contaminated by acid mine drainage (AMD) throughout its length, due to past-mining at the head of the stream. Metal distribution is strongly controlled by the pH, which increases downstream particularly at confluences with two unpolluted tributaries. A pH increase causes precipitation of metals, primarily Fe as hydr...

Genotoxic responses (chromosomal damage, DNA strand breakage) of redbreast sunfish (Lepomis auritis) populations exposed to industrial effluent and mutagenicity of the associated sediments were determined in order to compare them to changes in community structure. Data were collected from a reference stream and East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC), a first-order stream which originates on the grounds ...

Within fluvial systems, the spatial variability of geomorphological characteristics of stream channels and associated streambed properties can affect many biogeochemical processes. In agricultural streams of the midwestern USA, it is not known how geomorphological variability affects sediment denitrification rates, a potentially important loss mechanism for N. Sediment denitrification was measu...

We investigate the use of the short-lived fallout radionuclide beryllium-7 ( Be; t1/2 = 53·4 days) as a tracer of medium and coarse sand (0·25–2 mm), which transitions between transport in suspension and as bed load, and evaluate the effects of impoundment on seasonal and spatial variations in bed sedimentation. We measure Be activities in approximately monthly samples from point bar and stream...

An expert system for analyzing urban stream stability and developing mitigation measures for stream instabilities is developed using principles of the geomorphologic, hydraulic, and hydrologic processes that occur in a stream system and their effects on the system upstream and downstream. The hydrologic and hydraulic aspects of the system that affect flow in the stream and often the sediment lo...

Outdoor artificial streams were treated continuously with pentachlorophenol (PCP) for 88 days during the summer of 1983. The contributions of different stream compartments (microbial habitats) to microbial degradation of PCP were determined in a stream treated with 144 micrograms of PCP per liter. The 488-m long stream was composed of mud-bottomed pools alternating with gravel riffles. PCP loss...

Long-term changes (-20 years) in water yield, the storm hydrograph, stream inorganic chemistry, and sediment yield were analyzed for a 59 ha mixed hardwood covered catchment (Watershed 7) in the southern Appalachian mountains (USA) following clearcutting and cable logging. The first year after cutting, streamflow increased 26 cm or 28% above the flow expected if the forest had not been cut. In ...