edible shiitake mushroom is a relatively fragrant mushroom and grows on different types of dead hard woods. this mushroom ranks second in the world in total yearly mushroom production. on the hand, thousand tons of agricultural wastes are burned or discarded yearly. hence, to evaluate the shiitake mushroom production possibility on agricultural wastes, an experiment designed based on completely...

Swine (Sus scrofa) slurry stored in open storages is a source of airborne contaminants. A customary practice for ammonia and odor control consists of covering the surface of the slurry with floating materials, such as straw. Although straw covers have been proven to generally reduce gaseous emissions, more knowledge is needed regarding how age, moisture content, and microbiological development ...

We investigated the impact of tongue-thrusting on lingual pressure during fluid intake with a straw. In this study, 12 healthy young dentate individuals (two women and 10 men; 19-33 years) were instructed to drink 15 mL of water with a regular drinking straw at 37 °C, when indicated by the investigator. Participants drank after adjusting tongue position to one of the following patterns: (i) Hol...

the prevalent method of irrigation in paddy fields in iran is continuous ponding, which changes to intermittent method at the time of water shortage. soil cracks are the main problem in intermittent irrigation. in this study, effects of adding rice straw on some soil physical characteristics and cracks were studied in paddy soils of the guilan province of iran. the experiment was performed as s...

ABD (Anaerobic Biodegradability) and BMP (Biochemical Methane Potential) of banana plant waste, canola straw, cotton stalks, rice straw, sugarcane trash and wheat straw co-digested with buffalo dung was evaluated through AMPTS (Automatic Methane Potential Test System). The substrates were analyzed for moisture, TS (Total Solids) and VS (Volatile Solids), ultimate analysis (CHONS), pH and TA (To...

To determine the effects of straw incorporation on soil nutrients, enzyme activity, and aggregates in tobacco fields, we conducted experiments with different amounts of wheat and maize straw in Zhucheng area of southeast Shandong province for three years (2010–2012). In the final year of experiment (2012), straw incorporation increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and related parameters, and impro...

paddy straw is one of the most abundant agricultural by-products in tamil nadu, india. itcontains high amounts of cellulose and lignin. the fungal strains were isolated from naturally decomposingsites of paddy straw. eight fungal strains were isolated and later these eight fungi were used for finding outtheir potential for the degradation of lignin and cellulose content of paddy straw. among ei...

The aim of this paper is to find out new alternative materials that respond to sustainable development criteria. For this purpose, an original utilization of straw for the design of lightweight aggregate concretes is proposed. Four types of straw were used: three wheat straws and a barley straw. In the present study, the morphology and the porosity of the different straw aggregates was studied ...

Canola straw can be used as a raw material for the production of chemimechanical pulp (CMP). In this work, chemimechanical pulp was first produced from canola straw, and then the bleaching performance of the produced chemimechanical pulp was investigated under different conditions (dosages of NaOH and Na2SO3, time, and temperature). The results showed that the yield of chemical pretreatment in ...