We designed a nonroller extra-corporeal circulation system (NRECC) to minimize space requirements and to improve the safety and ease of cardiopulmonary bypass. The NRECC includes a circuit, a centrifugal pump, and a vacuum regulator. The vacuum regulator has five channels, each of which can control negative pressure independently. Negative pressure is applied to suctions, a vent, and a venous r...

Many world class large carbonate reservoirs leave behind at least half of the initial oil in place. Typically water injection is used to improve oil recovery while gas injection is used to maintain pressure or to promote oil gravity drainage. Immiscible gas injection, including injection of CO2, has been considered but not implemented on a large scale for economic reasons. Furthermore, interest...

Reservoir Eutrophication Reservoirs are water bodies created specifically for the purposes of water management. They differ in many significant ways from natural lakes. Studies have shown, however, that reservoirs have many functional similarities to natural lakes. Furthermore, since much of our limnological understanding stems from the studies of natural lakes (Wetzel, 2001), it is reasonable ...

Total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) levels have been determined in fish species representing various tropic levels in four major hydroelectric reservoirs (Mtera, Kidatu, Hale-Pangani, Nyumba ya Mungu) located in two distinct geographical areas in Tanzania. The Mtera and Kidatu reservoirs are located along the Great Ruaha River drainage basin in the southern central part of the country ...

Unconventional gas reservoirs have shown the potential to be the next world primary energy resource and have received a lot of attention in the past few years in the world. Even with the significant progress that has been made world-wide towards commercial development of natural gas from these unconventional resources, understandings or modeling tools of gas flow in these extremely low-permeabi...

We develop a consistent stochastic thermodynamics for environments composed of thermodynamic reservoirs in an external conservative force field, that is, environments described by the generalized or Gibbs canonical ensemble. We demonstrate that small systems weakly coupled to such reservoirs exchange both heat and work by verifying a local detailed balance relation for the induced stochastic dy...

The stable latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting memory CD4 T cells is a major barrier to curing HIV-1/AIDS. Studies on HIV-1 latency focused on regulation and reactivation of viral gene expression in the cells in which viral latent infection is already established. However, it is not well understood how virus becomes latent. In this study, we found that in a subset of memory precursor CD4 T ce...

The European Union has the ambition to be first carbonneutral continent by 2050. To fulfil this objective and integrate into grid large amount of power from solar wind, Europe can rely upon high storage flexible capacity hydropower. Thus, new reservoirs innovative use current will needed provide an effective contribution unprecedented Green Deal. project Hydropower Europe, funded H2020 research...

The European Union has the ambition to be first carbonneutral continent by 2050. To fulfil this objective and integrate into grid large amount of power from solar wind, Europe can rely upon high storage flexible capacity hydropower. Thus, new reservoirs innovative use current will needed provide an effective contribution unprecedented Green Deal. project Hydropower Europe, funded H2020 research...