Strain softening is responsible for mesh dependence in numerical analyses concerning a vast variety of fields such as solid mechanics, dynamics, biomechanics and geomechanics. Therefore, methods that regularize strain localization are paramount the analysis design engineering products systems. In this paper we revisit elasto-viscoplastic, strain-softening, strain-rate hardening model means to a...

Hydrogen atoms have a wide variety of effects on the mechanical performance of metals, and the underlying mechanisms associated with effects on plastic flow and embrittlement remain to be discovered or validated. Here, the reduction in the plastic flow stress (softening) due to hydrogen atoms in solute-strengthened metals, previously proposed by Sofronis et al., is demonstrated at the atomistic...

The commonly employed mathematical functions in constitutive models, such as the strain hardening/softening model, strain-rate hardening factor, and temperature-softening are reviewed, their prediction characteristics illustrated. results may assist one (i) to better understand behavior of model that employs a given function; (ii) find reason for deficiencies, if any, an existing model; (iii) a...

We analyze the spectra of pions and protons in heavy-ion collisions at relativistic energies from 2 A GeVto 65+65 A GeVby using a jet-implemented hadron-string cascade model. In this energy region, hadron transverse mass spectra first show softening until SPS energies, and re-hardening may emerge at RHIC energies. Since hadronic matter is expected to show only softening at higher energy densiti...

To investigate the hot deformation behavior of 17-7 PH stainless steel, hot compression tests were carried out at the temperatures of 950, 1050 and 1150 oC and strain rates of 0.001 s-1 to 0.1 s-1. Accordingly, the hot working behavior was studied by the analyses of flow stress curves, work hardening rate versus stress curves, exponent- type constitutive equations and deformed microstructures. ...

A Raman study of a back gated bilayer graphene sample is presented. The changes in the Fermi level induced by charge transfer splits the Raman G band, hardening its higher component and softening the lower one. These two components are associated with the symmetric (S) and antisymmetric vibration (AS) of the atoms in the two layers, the later one becoming Raman active due to inversion symmetry ...

The finite element method has been used to simulate the properties of panels with Kagom e and tetragonal cores under compressive and shear loading. The simulation has been performed for two different materials: a Cu-alloy with extensive strain hardening and an Al-alloy with minimal hardening. It is shown that the Kagom e core is more resistant to plastic buckling than the tetragonal core under ...

The effect of geometric imperfections and viscous damping on the type of nonlinearity i.e., the hardening or softening behaviour of circular plates and shallow spherical shells with free edge is here investigated. The Von Kármán large-deflection theory is used to derive the continuous models. Then, nonlinear normal modes NNMs are used for predicting with accuracy the coefficient, the sign of wh...

Abstract In this contribution a brief overview of the development of an orthotropic material model for the simulation of clear spruce wood under simultaneous biaxial in-plane stresses and transverse shear stresses is given. The model considers an initially linear elastic domain as well as hardening and softening behaviour at higher states of stress and strain, respectively. Combining the advant...