Declining survival rates in rodent carcinogenesis bioassays have raised a concern that continuing the practice of terminating such studies at 24 months could result in too few live animals at termination for adequate pathological evaluation. One option for ensuring sufficient numbers of animals at the terminal sacrifice is to shorten the duration of the bioassay, but this approach is accompanie...

canola genotypes reaction to stopping irrigation was surveyed. this experiment was carried out as a split plot randomized block design whit three replications in the safiabad argicultural research center for two years. main plot was considered of different levels of stopping  irrigation (stopping irrigation at the ending flowering, poding, 10%  and 30% ripening of pods in main stem ) and sub pl...

The electronic stopping power of liquid water for protons over the 50 keV to 10 MeV energy range is studied using an improved dielectric response model which is in good agreement with the best available experimental data. The mean excitation energy (I) of stopping power theory is calculated to be 77.8 eV. Shell corrections are accounted for in a self-consistent manner through analytic dispersio...

The electronic stopping power of H and He moving through gold is obtained to high accuracy using time-evolving density-functional theory, thereby bringing usual first principles accuracies into this kind of strongly coupled, continuum nonadiabatic processes in condensed matter. The two key unexplained features of what observed experimentally have been reproduced and understood: (i) The nonlinea...

We calculate the electronic stopping power of slow magnetic monopoles in condensed materials and find that, for P &0.01, dE/dx is proportional to the monopole velocity. For monopoles with g =+137e it is found that the monopole stopping power is at least as large as that for a proton with the same velocity. The results presented here are not directly relevant to the evaluation of the response of...

In this paper we present a simple method for the calculation of mass stopping power (in MeV cm/g) of protons from 0.5 Mev to 200 MeV energy range in biological human body substances such as water, bone, muscle and tissue. The proposed relations have been described in terms of energy of proton and mean () of atomic number (Z) and atomic weight (A). A fairly good agreement has been found bet...

Ionization damage (radiolysis) and knock-on displacement are compared in terms of scattering cross section and stopping power, for thin organic specimens exposed to the electrons in a TEM. Based on stopping power, which includes secondary processes, radiolysis is found to be predominant for all incident energies (10-300 keV), even in materials containing hydrogen. For conducting inorganic speci...

Under energetic ion bombardment, amorphous materials deform plastically in the form of anisotropic growth. At medium electronic stopping power (5 to 30 keV/nm) this phenomenon starts only after a certain incubation dose depending on values of the electronic stopping power and temperature. This delay is modeled on the basis of the assumption of a drastic irradiation induced viscosity reduction, ...