objective: the possible toxicity of drugs in pregnancy should be tested before their use in pregnant patients. in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the safety of phytovagex, a pessary formulation of nigella sativa (n. sativa), which is already in clinical use for vaginal fungal infection. materials and methods: the pregnant rats were treated intravaginal with physiological saline (vehicle...

BACKGROUND In the United States, an estimated 70 stillbirths occur each day, on average 25,000 each year. Research into the prevalence and causes of stillbirth is ongoing, but meanwhile, many parents suffer this devastating loss, largely in silence, due to persistent stigma and taboo; and many health providers report feeling ill equipped to support grieving parents. Interventions to address ber...

BACKGROUND Stillbirths are insufficiently reported in many countries. In Nablus, reporting has recently started; little is published in Palestine on the stillbirth rate and its risk factors. OBJECTIVE To study the rate of stillbirths at Rafidia Hospital in 2010 and some of its risk factors. DESIGN A retrospective cohort design. METHODS Data were collected from the delivery registry for al...

BACKGROUND Results of previous studies on the association between maternal haemoglobin concentration during pregnancy and stillbirth risk are inconclusive. It is not clear if haemoglobin concentration before pregnancy has a role. Using prospectively collected information from pre-pregnancy and antenatal visits, we investigated associations of maternal haemoglobin concentrations before and durin...

BACKGROUND Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) are key enzymes in the metabolism of caffeine. The polymorphism of these genes facilitates the detection of fast and slow metabolizers, and if caffeine is causally related to stillbirth, we expect slow metabolizers to have a higher risk of stillbirth at any given intake of caffeine. Gluthatione S-transferase alpha1 (GSTA1) ...

the aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting stillbirth and the consequences of stillbirth on longevity, production, and reproductive performance in holstein cows of iran. calving records from march 2000 to april 2009 comprising of 220,043 calvings on 102,199 cows in 33 herds were used. the results showed that 4.06% of the newborn calves died within 48 h of birth. the stillbirth...

Plasma samples were obtained before and during parturition from conscious rats implanted chronically with a jugular cannula. Rats were either allowed to remain in their nesting cage throughout parturition, or were moved immediately following the birth of the second or third pup into an empty glass chamber. The time-course of parturition was prolonged for mother rats which were moved in mid-part...

negative energy balance in pregnant ewes during last two month of gestation could result in fatal pregnancy toxemia and affects ewe and lamb health. the understanding of variations of energy related metabolites during this critical period may cast light upon to a better management of the situation. this study describes the variations of serum energy related biochemical metabolites at a period o...

In ungulates, parturition is correlated with a reduction in movement rate. With advances in movement-based technologies comes an opportunity to develop new techniques to assess reproduction in wild ungulates that are less invasive and reduce biases. DeMars et al. (2013, Ecology and Evolution 3:4149-4160) proposed two promising new methods (individual- and population-based; the DeMars model) tha...

BACKGROUND Few epidemiological studies that have assessed the relation between water disinfection by-products (DBPs) and the risk of stillbirth provide inconsistent results. The objective was to assess the relation between exposure to water disinfection by-products and the risk of stillbirth. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-control study of 3,289 cases of stillbirth and a random ...