This article proposes a novel polarization orientation angle (POA) estimation algorithm for steep terrain by applying physical scattering characteristics of natural surface. The extends the range POA from [-45°, 45°] to (-90°,90°] and achieves consistent with widely used circular (CPA) minimum cross-polarization (MXPA) over flat area, but avoids wrapping caused restriction CPA MXPA precipitous ...

The fluorescence method of detecting aflatoxin-producing strains of Aspergillus flavus and related species utilizes the ultraviolet-induced fluorescence of aflatoxin produced in a modified Czapek's solution agar containing corn steep liquor, HgCl(2), and (NH(4))H(2)PO(4) instead of NaNO(3). The presence of aflatoxin is confirmed by thin-layer chromatography of CHCl(3) extracts of the fluorescin...

A method was devised to construct stable and steep chemical gradients in slide cultures to study the movements of gliding cells. The movement of Myxococcus xanthus individual cells and small swarms was studied in these gradients. There was no response to gradients of Casitone and yeast extract that were previously reported to stimulate a positive chemotactic response with M. xanthus.

An accurate equivalent circuit model for the microstrip line with a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), and the parameter extraction method, are presented. A highpass filter with steep rejection is designed based on the model. The measurement results confirm the efficient analysis and design procedure and the validity of the highpass filter configuration. DOI: 10.2529/PIERS060906062902

Forest roads are the base infrastructure foundation of forestry operations. These roads entail a complex engineering effort because they can cause substantial environmental damage to forests and include a high-cost construction. This study was carried out in four sample sites of Giresun, Trabzon(2) and Artvin Forest Directorate, which is in the Black Sea region of Turkey. The areas have both st...

Moving-grid methods are becoming increasingly popular for solving several kinds of parabolic and hyperbolic partial differential equations involving fine-scale structures such as steep moving fronts and emerging steep layers. An interesting example of such a method is provided by the moving-finite-element (MFE) method. A difficulty with MFE, as with many other existing moving-grid methods, is t...

Configuration of locomotion for planetary rovers is motivated by increased interest in exploring lunar polar craters. Current rover designs cannot achieve the ascent or descent required by steep, unconsolidated lunar slopes. New designs must provide locomotive capability for steep climbing, techniques for controlling slip, and safely navigating down and along steep slopes. We propose a locomoti...