This review is focused on the thermochemical behaviour of fluxes in submerged arc welding (SAW). The English-language literature from 1970s onwards reviewed. It was recognised early that sets weld metal total ppm O and element transfer extent molten flux (slag) to pool. Despite establishment this link between flux-induced oxygen potential transfer, it also well accepted slag–metal equilibrium d...

Recycling of by-products of the steelmaking process in electric arc (EAF) furnaces is an important activity from the perspective of environmental protection as well as the steelmaking industry itself. This article is a discussion concerning the selected research results in terms of utilisation of steelmaking dusts containing 4 12 % of zinc in manufacture of cement bricks, ceramic construction m...

Steelmaking in the electric arc furnace (EAF), either scrap-based or based on hydrogen direct reduced iron, will future contribute substantially to reduction of CO2 emissions iron and steel industry. However, there still be need introduce carbon into EAF process carburize create foaming slag improve energy efficiency melting process. So, reach emission goals set around world, it necessary subst...

Since it has been urgently demanded to secure the secondary phosphorus resources domestically in addition establishment of a stable supplying path phosphate ore from overseas, recovery steelmaking slags is attracting attention. The phosphorus-enriched slag obtained by dephosphorizing high hot metal, which was prepared reduction conventional slag, thought be useful as raw resource. It reported o...

Recycling phosphorus from phosphorus-containing wastes and byproducts is a promising secondary resource. Steelmaking slag generated in large quantities as byproduct of the iron steelmaking industry, contains that could be possible Phosphorus can extracted into aqueous solution; however, concentration generally lower than other elements, causing problem for recovery. In this study, bipolar membr...

With the use of high phosphorus iron ore, there is a large amount steel slag formed, which difficult to handle. How separate elemental has become key issue in secondary utilization slag. Experiments found that were distinct phosphorus-rich phases, iron-rich phases and matrix high-phosphorus cooled with furnace. In this study, effects heat treatment conditions basicity on P2O5 content, as well s...