background and aims. burning mouth syndrome (bms) is a chronic pain disorder characterized by a chief complaint of oral burning/pain with no clinically observable oral mucosal lesions. the prevalence of bms has been reported to be 2.5-5.1% in the general population and several psychological disorders have been reported as associated or predisposing factors for bms. the aim of this study was to ...

Background: Obesity leads to a wide range of problems. Hence, this research was conducted to compare the trait-state anxiety as well as positive and negative affect in obese and normal women. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed in eight sports clubs within the time period of 2017 to 2018 in Ahvaz. To do this, a sample of 200 women, who referred to sports clubs was selec...

a b s tract b a c kground:   hospitalization and surgery are among of the most difficult experiences for the children and their parents have to face. many parents experience preoperative anxiety during the hospitalization of their children. o b j ec t i v e s : this study attempts to quantify pre operative anxiety in the parents of children admitted to hospital for elective surgery and to isola...

dental anxiety is defined as an abnormal fearing or dread toward preventive or therapeutic visits by a dentist and unreasonable anxiety against dental procedures. it is estimated that dental anxiety affects one-third of the general population. its physical and cognitive symptoms may result in behavioral issues such as avoidance of early dental visits that troubles both patient and dentist. in o...

The hypothesis of this experiment was that humans in an anxious state compared with a nonanxious state are able to increase anxiety levels in other humans via their body odors. Specifically, we hypothesized that male chemosensory anxiety signals compared with neutral chemosignals increase state anxiety of female subjects. Thirteen male subjects participated in 2 different sweat donation session...

High trait anxiety has been associated with detriments in emotional face processing. By contrast, relatively little is known about the effects of state anxiety on emotional face processing. We investigated the effects of state anxiety on recognition of emotional expressions (anger, sadness, surprise, disgust, fear and happiness) experimentally, using the 7.5% carbon dioxide (CO2) model to induc...

the purpose of present study was investigation of the effect of attentional focus of novice players’ self-statements in basketball free throw practice on their state anxiety in transfer test with spectators’ presence. therefore, 38 novice females (mean of the age=22 yrs.) who had intermediate trait anxiety were selected randomly by sports competitive anxiety test (scat). the participants were a...