In a detailed analysis of how limited seed dispersal can create spatial structuring of genetic variation, several nuclear microsatellites were assayed in seedlings from two forests of Pinus strobus, one old growth (OG) and the other (second site, SS) logged in ca. 1900. By using loci with a large number of alleles and new statistical methods on averaged spatial correlation coefficients, unusual...

In this paper, we combine spherical subspace (SS) and eigen based updating methods with the a ne projection (AP) method to produce a new family of fast SS-AP algorithms that o ers additional tradeo s between computation and adaptive ltering performance. Moreover, the implementation of SS-AP is less complicated than the fast RLS based AP algorithms. For certain applications, e.g., echo cancellat...

Purpose: This study investigated the impact SS (short stature) on children’s psychology, peer and familial relationships and the academic performance. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative face-to-face survey of 656 males and female children aged 4-18 years. It was conducted from March 2015 to April 2015 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results: There was a weak significant relationship between heigh...

OBJECTIVE We examined the association of neighborhood social and physical characteristics with ADHD, accounting for individual and family factors. METHOD The 2007 National Survey of Child Health, a nationally representative data set, was used (N = 64,076). Three neighborhood scales were generated: social support, amenities, and disorder. Logistic and ordinal logistic regressions were conducte...

This study uses data on brothers and neighboring boys in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to estimate brother and neighbor correlations in later earnings as adults. Because the neighbor correlation reflects the effects of somewhat similar family backgrounds as well as true neighborhood influences, it sets an upper bound on the proportion of earnings variation attributable to neighborhood effe...

Scatter search (SS) and path relinking (PR) are evolutionary methods that have been successfully applied to a wide range of hard optimization problems. The fundamental concepts and principles of the methods were first proposed in the 1970s and 1980s, and were based on formulations, dating back to the 1960s, for combining decision rules and problem constraints. The methods use strategies for sea...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the social context of girls with conduct disorder (CD), a question of increasing importance to clinicians and researchers. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between three social context domains (neighborhood, family characteristics, and parenting behaviors) and CD in adolescent girls, additionally testing for race moderation effects. We p...

This study examines how the neighborhood environments experienced over multiple generations of a family influence children's cognitive ability. Building on recent research showing strong continuity in neighborhood environments across generations of family members, the authors argue for a revised perspective on "neighborhood effects" that considers the ways in which the neighborhood environment ...

Soluble starch synthases (SSs) are major enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis in plants. Cassava starch has many remarkable characteristics, which should be influenced by the evolution of SS genes in this starchy root crop. In this work, we performed a comprehensive phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of the soluble starch synthases in cassava. Genome-wide identification showed that there...

Health related quality of life (HRQOL) in cardiac patients (CP) who have had myocardial infarction (MI) is the ultimate goal of every intervention to which the patient is submitted. One of the psychosocial factors that may contribute to HRQOL is social support (SS). This study sought to identify the relation between various sources of SS available during hospitalization following myocardial inf...