Chemoreception of environmental stimuli is a major sensory system in small soil nematodes like C. elegans. As in other animals, chemoreception is mediated in C. elegans by members of the seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor class (7TM GPCRs). We summarize the many large putative chemoreceptor gene families, including the str family (which includes odr-10, the only receptor with an ide...

Abstract We present simulations of the partially coherent undulator radiation (UR) propagation through several hard X-ray beamlines at NSLS-II, performed with SRW code, adopting two different memory- and CPU-efficient strategies / algorithms for mode decomposition (CMD). One these employs subtraction quadratic phase terms from 4D cross spectral density (CSD) a non-zero radius wavefront curvatur...

South African universities experience increased pressure to comply with and implement environmentally friendly practices. Specifically, state-funded need enhance environmental management efficiency awareness. However, measuring the implementation of green initiatives in higher education takes time effort. models for are absent, international inapplicable. Therefore, this study aims develop empi...

Observations from a hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounding interferometer such as the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and Cross-Track Sounder (CrIS) are crucial to numerical weather prediction (NWP). By measuring radiance at top of atmosphere using thousands channels, these observations convey accurate atmospheric information initial condition through data assimilation (DA) sc...

For the European x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) a split-and-delay unit (SDU) based on geometrical wavefront beam splitting and multilayer mirrors is built which covers the range of photon energies from 5 keV up to 20 keV. Maximum delays between ∆τ ± 2.5 ps at hν=20 keV and up to ∆τ ± 23 ps at hν=5keV will be possible. Time-dependent wave-optics simulations have been performed by means of Sync...

Southern right whales (SRWs, Eubalena australis) are polymorphic for an X-linked pigmentation pattern known as grey morphism. Most SRWs have completely black skin with white patches on their bellies and occasionally on their backs; these patches remain white as the whale ages. Grey morphs (previously referred to as partial albinos) appear mostly white at birth, with a splattering of rounded bla...

High accuracy calculations of synchrotron radiation (SR) emitted by a relativistic electron show that the phase of the frequency domain electric field of SR differs from the phase of radiation of a virtual point source. These differences may result in the reduction of focusing efficiency of diffraction-limited SR, if the focusing is performed by conventional optical components optimised for poi...

This article describes the WavePropaGator (WPG) package, a new interactive software framework for coherent and partially coherent X-ray wavefront propagation simulations. The package has been developed at European XFEL for users at the existing and emerging free-electron laser (FEL) facilities, as well as at the third-generation synchrotron sources and future diffraction-limited storage rings. ...

The accommodation microfluctuations are thought to be used by the accommodation controller to obtain information about the direction and magnitude of the required response by monitoring changes in the contrast gradient of this image. The contrast gradient can be altered by presenting different spatial frequency (SF) targets to the eye. Twelve myopes (MYOs) and 12 emmetropes (EMMs) viewed sine a...

BACKGROUND Pollen is the most common aeroallergen to cause conjunctivitis. In this study, we established a short ragweed (SRW)-induced mouse model of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and aimed to explore the potential role of miR-146a and its downstream molecules in the development of ocular allergic inflammation. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mouse model of challenge pollen was used for in vivo study...