Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is necessary for Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) system. Many algorithms such as Perturb and Observe, Incremental conductance and hill climbing are available to track the maximum power. But they have disadvantages such as high cost, diffi cult to implement and instable. Artifi cial Neural Network (ANN) is suitable for handling non-linearites, uncertainties and para...

The growing concern over environmental degradation resulting from combustion of fossil fuels and depleting fossil fuel reserves has raised awareness about alternative energy options. Renewable energy system is perfect solution of this problem. This paper presents a mathematical model of single diode solar photovoltaic (SPV) module. SPV cell generates electricity when exposed to sunlight but thi...

A colorimetric sulfo-phospho-vanillin (SPV) method was used to validate a high throughput method for total lipids analysis in fresh and lyophilized oleaginous microorganisms. This method uses a small amount of biological material, does not require a lot of sample manipulation, can be automated, is reproducible and easy to implement. A 96-well microplate SPV assay allows one to determine quickly...

The presented paper analyzes the detailed design of a trans Z-source inverter (ZSI) with an input from solar photovoltaic (SPV) system. Increase in SPV uses requires highly efficient enabled inverters under varying weather parameters are high demand modern smart grid applications. SPV-trans ZSI has conversion efficiency because single-stage voltage boost capability. In contradiction, convention...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate dynamic indices of fluid responsiveness in a model of intra-abdominal hypertension. METHODS Nine mechanically-ventilated pigs underwent increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) by abdominal banding up to 30 mmHg and then fluid loading (FL) at this IAP. The same protocol was carried out in the same animals made hypovolemic by blood withdrawal....

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Personal vaporisers (PV), including e-cigarettes, may be a harm reduction strategy for tobacco control. This study aims to identify factors associated with future intentions to vape among smokers and ex-smokers in Australia and the UK. DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional data of smokers and ex-smokers (n = 1199, mean age = 45.3 years, 44.8% male), collected in 2014/2015 a...

BACKGROUND Whether during spontaneous breathing arterial pressure variations (APV) can detect a volume deficit is not established. We hypothesized that amplification of intra-thoracic pressure oscillations by breathing through resistors would enhance APV to allow identification of a reduced cardiac output (CO). This study tested that hypothesis in healthy volunteers exposed to central hypovolem...

The aim of this study was to describe normal Doppler parameter values in the thyroid arteries in an iodine-replete region. 165 individuals were randomly selected in a community located in the south-east of Brazil. We obtained a clinical history on each subject and determined serum thyrotropin, antiperoxidase antibodies, thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) and thyroid volumes through ultrasound...

A new method has been developed to study the influence of drugs and toxicants on long-term recovery of dynamics in the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex of the rat after hemilabyrinthectomy (HL). HL was performed by injecting sodium arsanilate into the middle ear. The lesion was confirmed by histology. Eye movements elicited by sinusoidal vestibular stimulation, in both light and darkness, wer...