In this study, we propose three extended fitting methods to the standard ASM(active shape model). Firstly, profiles are extended from 1D to 2D; Secondly, profiles of different landmarks are constructed individually; Thirdly, length of the profiles is determined adaptively with the change of level during searching, and the displacements in the last level are constrained. Each method and the comb...

Iodine-129, the long-lived radioisotope of iodine, occurs naturally, but anthropogenic generated 129 I has dominated the environment in the past 60 years. Due to active chemical and environmental properties of iodine and the enhanced analytical capacity for 129 I measurement, the application of 129 I as an environmental tracer has highly increased in the past 10 years. Neutron activation analys...

Driven by foreign investment, tourism in the archipelago of Zanzibar has experienced substantial growth over the last thirty years. Even though it was meant to promote local employment and economic development, foreigners – and Europeans in particular – remained the largest investors as well as the primary benefi ciaries. Tourism development has created new employment opportunities, but it has ...

In this paper we present an efficient design of generalized, multi-operand single-precision floating point addition. The addition operation is optimized in two ways. Firstly, the design of [4] has been modified to improve efficiency of multi-operand floating point addition in terms of speed and area. Secondly, varieties of adders were analyzed for parallel addition and identified suitable adder...

As the sand grain size approaches the acoustic wavelength, the underwater backscattering strength increases. Laboratory measurements show that the shallow-grazing angle backscattering strength increases as the third power of the normalized grain diameter, until it reaches a saturation level. In this regime, it has been shown that the attenuation of the sound in the sand increases as the fourth ...

This paper presents an improved 32-bit conditional sum adder. Due to architectural modification, the improved adder only selects and transmits carry signals; it therefore is named conditional carry adder (CCA). This 32-bit adder focuses on reducing the numbers of internal nodes and logical gates, while maintaining high speed. The 32-bit conditional sum adder uses 186 multiplexers, and the propo...

In this paper, we design a novel one-way trapdoor function, and then propose a new multivariate public key cryptosystem called TOT, which can be used for encryption, signature and authentication. Through analysis, we declare that TOT is secure, because it can resist current known algebraic attacks if its parameters are properly chosen. Some practical implementations for TOT are also given, and ...

Mice lacking a corpus callosum (CC) often show little or no deficit on tests of behavior. This paper reports that on highly complex bimanual motor tasks, deficits can be found. The speed of running on a wheel with irregularly spaced rungs is reduced by both hereditary absence of the CC in 129 × BALB/c recombinant mice and surgical section of the CC in genetically normal B6D2F2 mice. The effect ...

Th is paper is the outcome of a bilateral Romanian-Austrian research project on new and innovative initiatives in rural development. It was the aim of the study to identify success factors of strategies applied and to verify their transferability. Th is article presents results related to the role of tourism in rural development in a comparative way focusing on the following main aspects: (1) t...

Th e research about the determinants of fi rms' performance has been a crucial question for managers, researchers and stockholders. Th e main objective of this exploratory paper is to study the economic drivers of revenue per available room (RevPAR) in the Portuguese hotels. Th is study examines the local and global factors driving RevPAR in diff erent hotel segments, calculating how much of th...