Yeast is a unicellular fungi that does not reproduce via asexual spore production (Phaff, 1966). The most commonly fed yeast in dairy diets is Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC); a facultative anaerobic yeast often referred to as brewers or bakers yeast. The most common yeast products fed to ruminants are live cells or yeast culture mixtures. A yeast culture is a yeast-fermented product that contain...

bacteria make up about half of the living organisms inside of the rumen. however, they do more than half of the work in the rumen. the bacteria work together. some breakdown certain carbohydrates and proteins which are then used by others. some require certain growth factors, such as b-vitamins, which are made by others. some bacteria help to clean up the rumen of others’ end products, such as ...

At birth, calves display an underdeveloped rumen that eventually matures into a fully functional rumen as a result of solid food intake and microbial activity. However, little is known regarding the gradual impact of pre-weaning diet on the establishment of the rumen microbiota. Here, we employed next-generation sequencing to investigate the effects of the inclusion of starter concentrate (M: m...

BACKGROUND Anaerobic fungi reside in the rumen and alimentary tract of herbivores where they play an important role in the digestion of ingested plant biomass. The anaerobic fungal isolate Orpinomyces sp. strain C1A is an efficient biomass degrader, capable of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of the cellulosic and hemicellulosic fractions in multiple types of lignocellulosic bioma...

Complication of peritonitis developed in a 61 year old patient who was undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and whose dialysate culture was negative for both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and fungi. Despite the administration of various antibiotics and repeated mechanical lavages, inflammatory response and fever could not be controlled and therefore on the 8th hospital d...

Accurate estimates of microbial synthesis in the rumen are vital to optimize ruminant nutrition. Liquid- (LAB) and solid-associated bacterial fractions (SAB) harvested from the rumen are generally considered as microbial references when microbial yield is calculated; however, factors that determine their composition are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect...