The capacity for dissimilatory reduction of NO(3) to N(2) (N(2)O) and NH(4) was measured in NO(3)-amended marine sediment. Incubation with acetylene (7 x 10 atmospheres [normal]) caused accumulation of N(2)O in the sediment. The rate of N(2)O production equaled the rate of N(2) production in samples without acetylene. Complete inhibition of the reduction of N(2)O to N(2) suggests that the "acet...

Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) can use oxygen and nitrite as electron acceptors. Nitrite reduction by Nitrosomonas is observed under three conditions: (i) hydrogen-dependent denitrification, (ii) anoxic ammonia oxidation with nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) and (iii) NO(x)-induced aerobic ammonia oxidation. NO(x) molecules play an important role in the conversion of ammonia and nitrite by AOB. Absen...

The temperature effect on denitrification rate of a two-sludge system has been studied. An industrial high-strength wastewater and an industrial by-product containing mainly methanol, as external carbon source, were used in this study. The maximum denitrification rate (MDR) was determined at six different temperatures: 6, 8, 10, 15, 20 and 25oC in batch mode. The temperature coefficient was fou...

In this paper the advantages and disadvantages of denitrifying PAOs (polyphosphate accumulating organisms) in conventional BNRAS (biological nutrient removal activated sludge) and external nitrification BNRAS (ENBNRAS) systems are evaluated, with experimental data exhibiting a range of anoxic P uptake from low (<10%) to very high (>60%). The results indicate that the specific denitrification ra...

Denitrification is a critical process that can alleviate the effects of excessive nitrogen availability in aquatic ecosystems subject to eutrophication. An important part of denitrification occurs in benthic systems where bioturbation by meiofauna (invertebrates <1 mm) and its effect on element cycling are still not well understood. Here we study the quantitative impact of meiofauna populations...

In this study granular sludge taken from a denitrifying upflow sludge reactor was characterized. Denitrification rates were determined in batch tests with and without external carbon source addition and pH microprofiles of the granules were studied. The microbial community structure was also determined. The results showed that denitrification without carbon source addition occurs; however, the ...

Similar temporal patterns were found in three mineral soils for the composition of the gaseous products of denitrification following the onset of anaerobic conditions. During the early period of anaerobiosis (0 up to 1 to 3 h), N(2) was the dominant product of denitrification. The NO(3) --> N(2)O activity then increased, but was not accompanied by a corresponding increase in N(2)O-reducing acti...

A method has been developed for measurement of denitrification activity in sediments by application of the acetylene inhibition technique. Acetylene-saturated water was injected, at close intervals, into sediment cores which were then incubated for a few hours at the in situ temperature. Frozen segments of the cores were assayed for accumulation of N(2)O by a combined gas extraction and detecti...

In this study, experiments have been conducted to evaluate the organics and nutrients removal from synthetic wastewater by a laboratory scale moving bed biofilm process. For nutrients removal, moving bed biofilm process has been applied in series with anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic units in four separate reactors. Moving bed biofilm reactors were operated continuously at different loading rates ...