BACKGROUND The Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) imposes deadlines for the completion of drug reviews by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Critics have suggested that these deadlines may result in rushed approvals and the emergence of unanticipated safety problems once a product is in clinical use. METHODS We assessed the association between the PDUFA deadlines and the timing of FD...

Causal scheduling-dropping policies for multiclass traac with deadlines are considered. Packets with deadlines and class labels arrive in discrete time and are either scheduled by their deadlines or dropped on or possibly before their deadlines. Emphasis is on the case that there are two classes of traac, and on causal policies which at any given time base decisions on arrivals up to that time....

Reducing energy consumption has become a pressing issue in cluster computing systems not only for minimizing electricity cost, but also for improving system reliability. Therefore, it is highly desirable to design energy-efficient scheduling algorithms for applications running on clusters. In this paper, we address the problem of non-preemptively scheduling mixed tasks on power-aware clusters. ...

This paper presents a new workload model, called the state-dependent deadline model, for applications whose high-level timing requirements may change with time. The problem is how to choose target deadlines for jobs from their time-varying deadlines so that the system can meet its requirements with a high probability. In the clairvoyant case, the deadline of every job is given by a known functi...

We have recently extended the sequential reenement calculus to handle real-time programs. A novel deadline command allows execution time limits to be expressed in a high-level language. The calculus allows reenement steps that separate timing constraints from non-timing requirements. Rules are provided for handling timing constraints, but the reenement of components implementing non-timing requ...

How will agents behave when bargaining in the face of an upcoming deadline? If irrational types exist, committed to their bargaining positions, rational agents will imitate this tough behavior to gain reputational benefits, even though this may result in the deadline being missed. Notably, if agents are patient and irrational types are committed to fixed demands then agreement must necessarily ...

Abstract A classifier is a software component, often based on Deep Learning, that categorizes each input provided to it into one of fixed set classes. An IDK may additionally output “I Don’t Know” (IDK) for certain inputs. Multiple distinct classifiers be available the same classification problem, offering different trade-offs between effectiveness, i.e. probability successful classification, a...

In energy-constrained settings, most real-time operating systems take the approach of minimizing the energy consumption while meeting all the task deadlines. However, it is possible that the available energy budget is not sufficient to meet all deadlines and some deadlines will inevitably have to be missed. In this paper, we present a framework through which the operating system can select jobs...

Many agreements and contracts contain deadlines. Because deadlines combine time and obligations, they are naturally studied by a combination of temporal logic with deontic logic [2]. A deadline, that φ should occur before δ , can be expressed as a formula which involves the ‘until’-operator: OBL(φUδ ). However, such a characterisation does not indicate what will happen after the deadline. Since...