There is currently a growing interest in the spatial causes of poverty, particularly its persistence. This paper presents methodological innovations that have been developed for investigating the relationship between physical segregation and economic marginalisation in the urban environment. Using GIS to layer historical poverty data, contemporary deprivation indexes and space syntax measures o...

national security and territorial administration, the most basic principle of any political system. in this regard, the divisions of the territorial office of the most excellent strategy for space and maintain the integrity and strengthening internal solidarity and ultimately increase the coefficient of national security. according to the principle of cultural similar in discussing the dramatic...

We investigated the role of spatial arrangement of texture elements in three psychophysical experiments on texture discrimination and texture segregation. In our stimuli, oriented Gabor elements formed an iso-oriented and a randomly oriented texture region. We manipulated (1) the orientation similarity in the iso-oriented region by adding orientation jitter to the orientation of each Gabor; (2)...

Objects are usually segregated from ground by several visual dimensions. We studied texture segregation in checkerboards defined by gradients in spatial frequency, orientation or both frequency and orientation, using Gabor-filtered noise patterns. Saliency was measured electrophysiologically using the visual evoked potential (VEP) associated with texture segregation ('tsVEP') (an associated com...

Reliable and accurate estimation of residential segregation between population groups is important for understanding the extent of social cohesion and integration in our society. Although there have been considerable methodological advances in the measurement of segregation over the last several decades, the recently developed measures have not been widely used in the literature, in part due to...

Species co-existence depends on how organisms utilize their environment and resources. When two sympatric species are similar in some ecological requirements, their coexistence may arise from differences in resource use over time and/or space. Interactions among coexisting marsupials remain poorly understood, especially in the Neotropics. Here we combine spatial niche measurements, individual-r...

Space syntax is a set of theories and techniques about buildings and cities and how they function, rooted in a theory of society and space that originated at the UCL Bartlett School of Graduate Studies in the 1970s. The ability of space syntax methods to objectively measure the physical and spatial attributes of cities in relation to patterns of human activity has led to hundreds of projects, c...

Schelling [Schelling, T.C., 1969. Models of Segregation. American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, 59, 488-493, Schelling, T.C., 1971a. Dynamic Models of Segregation. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1 (2), 143–186, Schelling, T.C., 1971b. On the Ecology of Micromotives. The Public Interest, 25, 61–98, Schelling, T.C., 1978. Micromotives and Macrobehavior. New York: Norton.] presented...

Spatial agent models can be used to explore self-organising effects such as pattern growth and segregation. We employ our predator-prey model to study these emergent behaviours in systems of up to around one million animat agents. We compare the patterns, structures and emergent properties of our model with the spatial patterns formed in non-intelligence based models that are governed only by s...

Sexual segregation is the behavior in which animals of different sex in a species live in separate groups outside the mating season. Recently a new concept, namely, the ‘‘activity-budget hypothesis,’’ has claimed to be the ultimate explanation of this behavior. The new hypothesis explains not only sexual segregation, but also segregation between animals of different size within sex (i.e., socia...