Soil fertility is a comprehensive reflection of soil properties, and its variation has been a central issue in the field of soil science. Most of current research on Variation of the soil fertility are most for a single time and place, and using expertise, simple mathematical model approach that can not effectively simulate the temporal and spatial variation of soil nutrients law. Therefore, th...

When an image is viewed at decreasing resolutions in a Gaussian pyramid, information is lost gradually. Amid continuous intensity changes across scales, there are “quantum jumps” or “perceptual transitions” in our inner representation. In this paper, we study a representational paradigm called the perceptual scale-space which augments the Gaussian pyramid in traditional image scale-space theory...

In this work, we use the generalized exponential function in the fractional-order domain to define generalized cosine and sine functions. We then re-visit some important trigonometric identities and generalize them from the narrow integer-order subset to the more general fractional-order domain. It is clearly shown that trigonometric functions and trigonometric identities in the transient-time ...