The total amount of CO2 released at Ischia Island has been estimated from soil gas flux measurements and from chemical composition of the gases released by fumaroles or dissolved in groundwaters. The preliminary results indicate an overall CO2 output of about 15 kg s –1 from the entire island (46 km2). The main contribution to the total output from diffuse soil degassing is about 14.8 kg s–1, f...

The mainly sources for indoor radon concentrations in all types of houses are the soil radon flux under the building (about 80%) and the radon exhalation from building materials (about20%). Our paper presents two methods for simultaneous measurement of this exhalation from soil and building materials: (1) -charcoal adsorption, respectively (2)-Lucas cell method. The both methods are applicable ...

Polymer synthesis. A Chemspeed Swing-SLT automated synthesizer was used for the parallel synthesis.16 The reactions were performed in a glass reactor block of 16 reactors (13 mL) with thermal jackets. These were connected in series to a Hüber thermoregulation system (−90 °C to 140 °C). The reactors were equipped with cold-finger reflux condensers and mixing was done by vortex agitation. The liq...

We have simulated the steady-state distribution of helium in the deep sea to investigate the magnitude and spatial and temporal variability of mantle degassing and to characterize deep-sea circulation and ventilation. The simulation was produced by linking a simple source function for helium injected at mid-ocean ridges with an oceanic general circulation model (GCM). By assuming that the flux ...

Decades-old measurements of atmospheric and elemental surface composition constrain the history of Venus. In this study, we search for a model featuring continuous evolution in the stagnant-lid regime that predicts the present-day atmospheric mass of radiogenic argon and satisfies the other available constraints. For comparison, we also consider the end-member scenario of a single catastrophic ...