The theory and experiments concerned with the electron-ion thermal relaxation and melting of overheated crystal lattice constitute the subject of this paper. The physical model includes two-temperature equation of state, many-body interatomic potential, the electron-ion energy exchange, electron thermal conductivity, and optical properties of solid, liquid, and two phase solid-liquid mixture. T...

the objective of this research is to find an economically attractive alternative method for hydrodesulfurization of petroleum fractions and to select a suitable adsorbent for this process.deep desulfurization of transportation fuels (gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels) is being mandated by governments and is also needed for future fuel cell applications. however, it is extremely difficult and cost...

Translocating solution-phase molecular recognition of oppositely charged hosts and guests to the solid phase represents a major challenge; we report a successful immobilisation strategy which allows selective host-guest interactions in water unencumbered by unwanted ion exchange-type interactions.

A number of analytical methods have been developed in the past few years for environmental monitoring of plutonium (Pu) isotopes around nuclear facilities within protocols for emergency preparedness as well as for risk assessment of contaminated areas resulting from nuclear weapon tests, nuclear accidents, and the discharge of nuclear waste. This article summarizes and critically compares recen...

All-solid-state electrochromic devices can be used to create smart windows that regulate the transmittance of solar radiation by applying a voltage. However, suffer from limited ion diffusion speed, which leads slow colouration and bleaching processes. Here we report fast-switching are based on an all-solid-state tandem structure use protons as diffusing species. We tungsten trioxide (WO3) mate...

1. Introduction One of the scientific challenges in nanofiltration is to develop nanofilters with both high ion permeability and selectivity, which are often considered as antagonist features. Today, the number of solid state membranes that are readily useable is limited and their performances, i.e. ion permeability and selectivity, are restricted. New materials for nanofiltration are thus clea...

Lithium-stuffed garnets attract huge attention due to their outstanding potential as solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries. However, there exists a persistent challenge in the reliable synthesis of these complex functional oxides together with a lack of complete understanding of the lithium-ion diffusion mechanisms in these important materials. Addressing these issues is critical to re...

Herein we propose novel photoelectrochemical fuel cells (PEFCs) by the introduction of a solid-state Ag2O/Ag cathode (here also term as photoelectrochemical battery). Due to the superior electrochemical properties of Ag2O/Ag, the maximum power density of our PEFCs can reach 0.94 mW cm(-2) upon UV illumination. Furthermore, our PEFCs have stable cycle operation and can be undertaken in a single ...