Enzymatic activity from the muscle-specific isoform of phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM-M) is higher within glycolytic skeletal muscles than in oxidative muscles. The hypothesis that PGAM-M is regulated pretranslationally among muscles of the hindlimb was tested using enzymatic assays, Western blots, and Northern blots. We further investigated the regulatory level(s) at which PGAM-M gene expressio...

We compare comprehensive quantitative profiling of lipids at the molecular level from skeletal muscle tissues (gastrocnemius and soleus) of Zucker diabetic fatty rats and Zucker lean control rats during treadmill exercise by nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Because type II diabetes is caused by decreased insulin sensitivity due to excess lipids accumulated in skeletal mu...

Single skinned fibers from soleus and adductor longus (AL) muscles of weight-bearing control rats and rats after 14-day hindlimb suspension unloading (HSU) were studied physiologically and ultrastructurally to investigate how slow fibers increase shortening velocity (V0) without fast myosin. We hypothesized that unloading and shortening of soleus during HSU reduces densities of thin filaments, ...

The gastrocnemius and soleus both contribute to the ankle plantarflexor moment during the mid- and terminal stance phases of gait. The gastrocnemius also generates a knee flexion moment that may lead to dynamic function that is unique from the soleus. This study used a muscle stimulation protocol to experimentally compare the contributions of individual plantarflexors to vertical support, forwa...

BACKGROUND Local reconstructive options for middle third of leg make good use of Soleus muscle flap. Soleus being the prime ankle planter flexor and stabiliser of the ankle in ambulation cannot be sacrificed without significant morbidity. Soleus is a bipennate muscle with independent blood supply of each half. Using one half retains its important function, increases arc of rotation, and makes i...

Encountering an accessory soleus muscle in children undergoing surgical release for clubfeet is not a frequent occurrence and only a few reports could be traced in literature. The purpose of this study is to report a series of 20 observations in 16 patients with idiopathic clubfeet treated by the Ponseti technique where the accessory soleus muscle was responsible in preventing full ankle dorsif...

Our primary goal was to determine the effects of 6-mo flight on the International Space Station (ISS) on selected anaerobic and aerobic enzymes, and the content of glycogen and lipids in slow and fast fibers of the soleus and gastrocnemius. Following local anesthesia, biopsies were obtained from nine ISS crew members ∼45 days preflight and on landing day (R+0) postflight. We subdivided the crew...

BACKGROUND The Achilles tendon is composed of fascicles from the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles, which are identifiable as discrete components at anatomical dissection. HYPOTHESIS The pattern of fascicular involvement in Achilles tendinopathy may be characterized at ultrasound, and this characterization is reliable between different observers. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional diagnostic study...

The molecular signaling pathway linked to hypertrophy of the anti-gravity/postural soleus muscle after mechanical overloading has not been identified. Using Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses, we investigated whether the amounts of NFATc3, GSK-3, NFATc1, and neonatal MHC change in the mechanically overloaded soleus muscle after cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment. Adult male ICR mice were...

Contractile and histochemical properties of rat soleus muscle were studied bilaterally after 2 or 4 weeks of denervation (DEN), which eliminates activity and non-activity-related influences, and chronic application of tetrodotoxin (TTX) to the motor nerve, which produces a completely inactive innervated muscle. After 2 or 4 weeks of disuse, the percentages of slow twitch oxidative fibers in bot...