This thesis presents experimental work on foam/sand mixtures carried out in the Civil The first chapter deals with basic aspects of soil conditioning agents and their application to tunnelling, and provides an understanding of the fundamentals of foam behaviour. An introduction to the problems encountered in tunnelling is given. A brief study of foams and their properties is presented and the r...

In this study some soil and forest floor characteristics of floodplain forest, thermophile forest and sand dune were investigated at Igneada, Turkey. In this context, surface soil samples were analyzed and compared to each other in the extension of soil physical, chemical properties and as plant nutrition environment. To investigate the soil characteristics soil samples were collected from 48 s...

Genetic fingerprinting demonstrated in previous studies that differently sized soil particle fractions (PSFs; clay, silt, and sand with particulate organic matter (POM)) harbor microbial communities that differ in structure, functional potentials and sensitivity to environmental conditions. To elucidate whether specific bacterial or archaeal taxa exhibit preference for specific PSFs, we examine...

We tested the hypothesis that amendments of two hydrophilic gels to a sand soil would reduce N leaching losses and increase growth of citrus seedlings. Three-month-old seedlings of ̒ Swingle ̓citrumelo [Citrus paradisi Macf. xPoncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] were transplanted into containers of steam-sterilized Candler sand, amended with a linear acrylamide/acrylate copolymer (PAM), and/or a cross...

An experimental study of the effect of silt and influence of cell confinement on the bearing capacity of circular footings on silty sand was carried out. Laboratory experiments on clean sand and sand containing silt up to 25 % were performed. Cells with different heights and diameters were used to confine the silty sand. The effect of proportion of silt in sand, cell diameter, cell height and t...