Wheat production around the world is severely compromised by the occurrence of "take-all" disease, which is caused by the soil-borne pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt). In this context, suppressive soils are those environments in which plants comparatively suffer less soil-borne pathogen diseases than expected, owing to native soil microorganism activities. In southern Chile, w...

Brazilian biodiversity is recognized as one of the most expressive in the terrestrial biosphere and plays an important role to human well-being and health, providing basic products and ecosystem services. The products or goods from natural ecosystems include pharmaceutical material, food such as fishery, timber, and many others. Natural ecosystems also provide essential life-supporting services...

Soil is considered as the hot-spot region of beneficial plant-microbe association. A wide range of soil microbial categories like nitrogen-fixing bacteria, ecto and endo-mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting bacteria and fungi are seemed to be associated with this beneficial plant-microbe association. The soil microbes confer increased plant growth and productivity against the root patho...

Trichoderma has gained maximum attention as biocontrol agent due to the fact that it is effective against a large number of soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi, suppressive effects on some root nematodes without adversely affecting beneficial microbes like Rhizobium and capable of promoting growth of certain crops. There are two major methods of inoculum production of Trichoderma spp. viz., solid...

In wet soils, low oxygen conditions often develop that favour disease development by many soil-borne plant pathogens. The introduction of a biocontrol agent, to suppress disease development, would require that the agent remains metabolically active under such conditions. Denitrifying bacteria can maintain this metabolic activity by switching to nitrate respiration. In the rhizosphere, plant roo...

Soil-borne diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms are one of the main factors responsible for the decline in crop yields in farmlands. Pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum causes serious damage to various crops, and, thus, a feasible diagnostic method for soil-borne diseases is required. We herein examined a simple method to evaluate the suppressiveness of soil microorganisms against a pathogen ...

A maize plant (Zea mays) planted in a test tube was found to inhibit the growth of the soil-borne plant pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. The antifungal compounds, 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone and 6,7-dimethoxybenzoxazolinone, were isolated from an ethanol extract of Zea mays roots, and (6R)-7,8-dihydro-3-oxo-alpha-ionone and (6R,9R)-7,8-dihydro-3-oxo-alpha-ionol were isolated from th...

In order to study the transfer of water borne 1 J , Cs and *°Sr into rice plants, pot experiments were done by growing rice plants on soils taken from rice beds near two nuclear power plants: Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant and Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant in China. The vertical migration of '"Cs and ''Sr in the soil samples due to leaching was studied, and results show that almost all the contamin...

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum UCMB5033 is of special interest for its ability to promote host plant growth through production of stimulating compounds and suppression of soil borne pathogens by synthesizing antibacterial and antifungal metabolites or priming plant defense as induced systemic resistance. The genome of B. amyloliquefaciens UCMB5033 comprises a 4,071,167 bp long circ...

The bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum is a widely accepted model organism for the study of pathogenicity in plants [1]. This soil-borne bacterium, which belongs to the betaproteobacteria, is responsible for bacterial wilt on more than 200 plant species from 50 botanical families, including important crops such as potato, tomato, eggplant, pepper, tobacco and banana. In fact, bacterial wilt is co...