Soft state enables new services to packet-switching networks by introducing a type of state in the network nodes which is refreshed by periodical messages otherwise expire. System designers build protocols that implement soft state concepts based on intuition or on high-level explanations believe that the design is “better” than hard state and soft state implementations should be robust, reliab...

Soft computing offers a large variety of tools for decision making. This special issue focuses on different aspects related to soft computing and its application to decision problems. Papers were selected among the ones presented at the 5th Interantional Conference on Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence (MDAI 2008) celebrated in Sabadell (Catalonia, Spain). Eight of the papers includ...

We describe how language models, combined with models of pen placement, can be used to significantly reduce the error rate of soft keyboard usage, by allowing for cases in which a key press is outside of a key boundary. Language models predict the probabilities of words or letters. Soft keyboards are images of keyboards on a touch screen used for input on Personal Digital Assistants. When a sof...

This paper describes a novel prosody generation model. We intend it to broadly support many linguistic theories and multiple languages, for the model imposes no restriction on accent categories and shapes. This capability is crucial to the next generation of text-to-speech systems that will need to synthesize intonation variations for different speech acts, emotions, and styles of speech. The s...

Soft robotics can be used not only as a means of achieving novel, more lifelike forms locomotion, but also tool to understand complex biomechanics through the use robotic model animals. Herein, control undulation mechanics an entirely soft subcarangiform fish is presented, using antagonistic fast-PneuNet actuators and hyperelastic eutectic gallium–indium (eGaIn) embedded in silicone channels fo...

Application of segment-structured tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) film on soft metal substrate is proposed to improve wear resistance mechanical parts. It was generally considered that continuous structure ta-C effective when applied hard materials because it could not follow deformation material and the tended delaminate. In contrast, by applying segment film, tribological properties coate...

Transformers are powerful for sequence modeling. Nearly all state-of-the-art language models and pre-trained based on the Transformer architecture. However, it distinguishes sequential tokens only with token position index. We hypothesize that better contextual representations can be generated from richer positional information. To verify this, we propose a segment-aware (Segatron), by replacin...

the concept of soft sets, introduced by molodtsov [20] is a mathematicaltool for dealing with uncertainties, that is free from the difficultiesthat have troubled the traditional theoretical approaches. in this paper, weapply the notion of the soft sets of molodtsov to the theory of hilbert algebras.the notion of soft hilbert (abysmal and deductive) algebras, soft subalgebras,soft abysms and sof...

Recently, we have developed a probabilistic framework for segmentbased speech recognition that represents the speech signal as a network of segments and associated feature vectors [2]. Although in general, each path through the network does not traverse all segments, we argued that each path must account for all feature vectors in the network. We then demonstrated an efficient search algorithm ...