A small but growing literature uses the risk ratio as an association or effect measure. Unlike odds ratios, ratios are unaffected by rescaling noncollapsibility bias and straightforward to interpret. However, has one unattractive property that researchers need be aware of: it is not symmetric with respect outcome definition. The between two groups’ probability of success does equal inverse fail...

Information and communication technologies have become an integral factor in the daily lives of people over last decade. Although their usage allows significant advantages, there are still a lot world who do not use such technologies. In industrialized countries, reason for this is economic factors, but age seems to be determinant digital divide. Recently, however, number older adults taking ad...

Urban poverty has been the subject of sociological and political debate for more than a century. In this article I examine theories of urban poverty and their place in American housing policy. I first discuss theories that have arisen out of the sociological and policy discourse on urban poverty and the research that supports and challenges these theories. I then review current public housing i...

The article provides an overview of the state of the art of sociological research on price formation. The dominant trait of the sociological approach to prices is to understand price formation not as the outcome of individual preferences but as the result of the social and political forces operating within the market field. The article proceeds from the concept of market fields and is organized...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE The cognitive identity of medical sociology has developed in a historical perspective in the context of a specific double frame of reference comprising medicine and general sociology. The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the process of the development of the subdiscipline's research specificity in Poland, drawing attention to the general-sociological context of...

We explore how ideas from infectious disease and genetics can be used to uncover patterns of cultural inheritance and innovation in a corpus of 591 national constitutions spanning 1789–2008. Legal “ideas” are encoded as “topics”—words statistically linked in documents—derived from topic modeling the corpus of constitutions. Using these topics we derive a diffusion network for borrowing from anc...