PURPOSE The TOPAS Tool for Particle Simulation was developed to make Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation more readily available for research and clinical physicists. Before releasing this new tool to the proton therapy community, several test have been performed to ensure accurate simulations in a variety of proton therapy setups. METHODS TOPAS can model a passive scattering or scanning beam treatm...

Conventional radiotherapy with X- and gamma-rays is one of the common and effective treatments of cancer. High energy hadrons, i.e., charged particles like protons and (12)C ions, due to their specific physics and radiobiological advantages are increasingly used. In this study, effectiveness of different radiation types is evaluated on the radio-resistant human HTB140 melanoma cells. The cells ...

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is extremely aggressive and a typical refractory cancer. In this study we investigated how effective on killing MM cells by carbon ion beam alone or in combination with cisplatin (CDDP) in vitro. Carbon ion beam (at the center of SOBP with 50 keV/µm of average LET) dose-independently suppressed MM cells MESO-1 and H226 cell viability and in combination with CDDP (25 ...

Materials and methods: Mice: C3H/HeMsNrsf female mice aged 4 months old were used for this study. The animals were produced and maintained in specific pathogen-free (SPF) facilities. Irradiation: The mice right hind legs received daily fractionated irradiation ranged from single to six fractions. Carbon ions (C) were accelerated by the HIMAC synchrotron to 290 MeV/u. Irradiation was conducted u...

The in-beam PET camera has been operated in combination with beam tracking [2]. A homogeneous PMMA phantom was placed in the center of the field of view of the scanner and moved parallel to the two detector heads (left-right in beam’s eye view with 3 cm peak-to-peak amplitude and ≈ 3 s period). The prescribed dose was a twodimensionally spread-out Bragg-peak (SOBP) of 5×5 cm extension, centered...

The mouse cochlea emerges from the ventral pole of the otocyst to form a one and three-quarter coil. Little is known about the factors that control the growth of the cochlea. Jackson circler (jc) is a recessive mutation causing deafness resulting from a growth arrest of the cochlea duct at day 13.5 of embryonic development. Here, we identify the vertebrate homolog of the Drosophila Sobp (sine o...

It is well-known that sparsely and densely ionizing radiations have a different relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for the induction of chromosomal aberrations. In addition, the different local dose distribution results in a different aberration spectrum. The most promising biomarker for densely ionizing radiation is the ratio C of complex (three or more breaks) to simple (two breaks) chro...

Light-ion radiation therapy against hypoxic tumors is highly curative due to reduced dependence on the presence of oxygen in the tumor at elevated linear energy transfer (LET) towards the Bragg peak. Clinical ion beams using spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) are characterized by a wide spectrum of LET values. Accurate treatment optimization requires a method that can account for influence of the var...

A new type of filter for charged particle radiotherapy is developed to reduce unwanted dose transfer to the normal tissues around a tumor. The new filter can make a static irradiation field where the width of the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) is two-dimensionally adjusted. That makes the field conformal to the tumor three-dimensionally. The filter is made of many layers produced by using stereol...