Background: Facing infertility put too much emotional stress and physical burden on infertile couples that make it difficult to deal with. According to this fact that infertility in some men appears with specified disorder but in most cases there is no clear cause for male infertility which determine the special attention to lifestyle and environmental factors. In this study the effects of smok...

Diesel exhaust (DE) has been accused for various health outcomes including exacerbation of asthma, chronic bronchitis. Exposure to DE has long-term effects on lung development in children and reductions in lung function have been reported. The aim of the study was to evaluate the annual changes in forced expiratory flows among toll collectors in Duzce city from 2002 to 2005. Annual FVC, FEV(1) ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of socioeconomic status (SES) (education, personal income, and occupation) with four major risk factors of stroke, those are diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and current smoker MATERIAL AND METHOD The Thai Epidemiologic Stroke Study is a community-based cohort study, which recruitedparticipants from the general population from five geograp...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported that spousal non-smoking has a spillover effect on the partner's cessation. However, discussion is lacking on the factors modifying that association. We examined whether the spillover effect of spousal non-smoking was associated with the couple's educational attainment. METHODS We used paired marital data from the Japanese Study on Stratification, Hea...

OBJECTIVE This study examined risk factors for self-reported injury incurred before arrival at Ordnance School for advanced individual training (AIT). STUDY DESIGN During AIT in-processing, soldiers (n=27,289 men and 3856 women) completed a questionnaire that collected demographic and lifestyle information, and asked if the soldier currently had an injury that would affect their AIT performan...

OBJECTIVE To examine sociodemographic risk or protection factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) that may be associated with increase in body mass index (BMI) after the age of 20. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis based on data from 769 women and 572 men who participated in the 2005 Surveillance System for Risk factors for CNCDs, Florianópolis, Brazil. BMI increase was defined in...

background: cardiovascular disease is the main reason for mortality in men and women. clinical epidemiology of myocardial infarction (mi) in men and women has not been yet studied in iran, one of the largest middle east countries in south‑western asia. this study was conducted to determine the clinical epidemiology of mi in men and women in iran. methods: this hospital‑based, cross‑sectional st...

The tobacco industry has been reported to employ sex-specific marketing strategies, which include different types of packaging, publicity, as well price strategies. We examined whether characteristics associated with the purchase more expensive cigarette brands varied by sex, in context introduction plain packaging and strengthening control policies France. Our study population consists 1380 re...

BACKGROUND Sedentary lifestyle combined with smoking, contributes to the development of a set of chronic diseases and to accelerating the course of aging. The aim of the study was to compare the hemodynamic and nutritional parameters between elderly persons practicing regular physical activity, nonsmokers and ex-smokers. METHODS The sample was comprised of 40 elderly people practicing regular...