In processes of face detection, face tracking and gesture recognition, the skin color detection is usually a post-processing step that plays such an important role. The skin color detection can almost be viewed as a two class problem with a non-skin color pixel vs. skin color pixel classifier. In this paper, we present a classifier that was built by combining a statistical skin color model and ...

In this study, we are interested in a face verification or authentication system based on Principal Component Analysis and Linear Discriminant Analysis (known as Fisherfaces). We evaluate the tradeoff between performance and computational requirements of making a decision in such a biometric system. This kind of evaluation is useful when implementing a practical system where the CPU power and s...

We examine the present state of holographic random access memory (HRAM) systems and address the primary challenges that face this technology, specifically size, speed, and cost. We show that a fast HRAM system can be implemented with a compact architecture by incorporating conjugate readout, a smart-pixel array, and a linear array of laser diodes. Preliminary experimental results support the fe...

Projected performance metrics of free-space optical and electrical interconnections are estimated and compared in terms of smart-pixel input-output bandwidth density and practical geometric packaging constraints. The results suggest that three-dimensional optical interconnects based on smart pixels provide the highest volume, latency, and power-consumption benefits for applications in which glo...

A two-dimensional analog VLSI array that performs basic morphological image processing operations is presented. The system uses a smart pixel approach that facilitates the parallel computation of continuous real-time outputs. Photodetectors within the array of smart pixels also allow for parallel optical inputs. The processing is performed by current-mode circuitry implemented with CMOS technol...

—This contribution is devoted to high-speed and high-resolution 3-D imaging based on the light-section method. Our smart access image sensors achieve high-speed position detection on the sensor plane to realize real-time 3-D imaging with high range accuracy. A high-speed position sensor using a quad-tree scan implementation achieves 10k points/s position detection of a projected spot beam. To r...

AbstructA free-space optical interconnection module for the sliding Banyan (SB) multistage interconnection network is experimentally evaluated. This three-dimensional (3-D) optical shuffle topology employs a mucro-lens array in a reflective architecture. Interconnections for multiple stages are interleaved across a single two-dimensional (2-D) multichip array of “smart pixels.” The experimental...

Many of portable devices such as smart phones, portable multimedia players (PMP), and digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) cameras are capable of capturing high-resolution images (e.g. 10 mega-pixel in DSLR) or even video. The limited battery power supply in the portable devices often prevents these systems to use high-power large liquid crystal display (LCD). Instead, the portable devices often h...

Recent advances in deep submicron CMOS technologies and improved pixel designs have enabled CMOS-based imagers to surpass charge-coupled devices (CCD) imaging technology for mainstream applications. The parallel outputs that CMOS imagers can offer, in addition to complete camera-on-a-chip solutions due to being fabricated in standard CMOS technologies, result in compelling advantages in speed a...