The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) process is known to be energy conservative biotechnology. Its low cost and low skill requirement render it to be a viable technology for reducing organic pollution loads. However, this system is facing a challenge in the treatment of low-strength wastewater especially inoculated with non-granular sludge. This work was performed to emphasis an in-depth ...

Diamond coatings were successfully deposited on tool steel substrates without using any external diffusion barrier layers. The diamond film deposition was performed in a hot filament chemical vapour deposition (HFCVD) reactor. In the first step, a high substrate temperature and a high methane percentage were used to achieve a faster critical carbon concentration and hence a shorter incubation t...

A wide-ranging review is presented on the most focal aspects of gas-liquid-solid reactors to discuss fresh headways towards understanding slurry bubble column reactors' behavior. In more detail, in this critical review, published works' findings concerning effects solid particles characteristics (size, concentration and density) volumetric mass transfer coefficient, liquid-side gas-liquid inter...

bubble column reactors are used in a wide variety of applications such as multiphase bioreactors, catalytic slurry reactors, and absorption processes. the superficial gas velocity-gas holdup relationship and transition point are two important parameters for characterizing the hydrodynamics of a bubble column reactor. in this study, systematic investigation of a nitrogen - water - glass beads bu...

The selective oxidation of lactose by molecular oxygen has been studied in a batch reactor containing an aqueous slurry of 0.5 kmol m-1 reactant and 1.0 kg m-3 catalyst. The in situ Bi promotion of a commercial Pd-C catalyst resulted in 100% selectivity to sodium lactobionate up to conversions of 95% in the pH range 7-10 and at temperatures up to 333 K. Performing the reaction under such condit...

Simultaneous saccharification, filtration and fermentation (SSFF) was developed for lignocellulosic ethanol production. In SSFF, pretreated lignocellulosic material is enzymatically hydrolyzed in a reactor, while the suspension is continuously pumped through a cross-flow membrane. The retentate goes back to the hydrolysis vessel, while a clear sugar-rich filtrate continuously perfuses through t...