We report that human acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (AceCS2) is a mitochondrial matrix protein. AceCS2 is reversibly acetylated at Lys-642 in the active site of the enzyme. The mitochondrial sirtuin SIRT3 interacts with AceCS2 and deacetylates Lys-642 both in vitro and in vivo. Deacetylation of AceCS2 by SIRT3 activates the acetyl-CoA synthetase activity of AceCS2. This report identifies the first ace...

Honokiol (HKL) is a natural biphenolic compound derived from the bark of magnolia trees with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-tumour and neuroprotective properties. Here we show that HKL blocks agonist-induced and pressure overload-mediated, cardiac hypertrophic responses, and ameliorates pre-existing cardiac hypertrophy, in mice. Our data suggest that the anti-hypertrophic effects of HK...

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), an important regulator of energy metabolism and lipid oxidation, is induced in fasted liver mitochondria and implicated in metabolic syndrome. In fasted liver, SIRT3-mediated increases in substrate flux depend on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), but precisely how OXPHOS meets the challenge of increased substrate oxidation in fasted liver remains unclear. Here, we show that...

Mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT3-5, are NAD+-dependent deacylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases that are critical for stress responses. However, a comprehensive understanding of sirtuin targets, regulation of sirtuin activity, and the relationships between sirtuins remains a key challenge in mitochondrial physiology. Here, we employ systematic interaction proteomics to elucidate the mitochondrial si...

Calorie restriction (CR) extends life span in diverse species. Mitochondria play a key role in CR adaptation; however, the molecular details remain elusive. We developed and applied a quantitative mass spectrometry method to probe the liver mitochondrial acetyl-proteome during CR versus control diet in mice that were wild-type or lacked the protein deacetylase SIRT3. Quantification of 3,285 ace...

Abstract Background Iron overload, which is common in patients with haematological disorders, known to have a suppressive effect on haematogenesis. However, the mechanism for this still unclear. The antioxidant curcumin has been reported protect against iron overload-induced bone marrow damage through an as-yet-unknown mechanism. Methods We established overload cell and mouse models. Mitochondr...

Susceptibility to mastitis is highest during the peripartal (transition) period and often concomitant with other comorbidities such as ketosis. Although infection pathogenic microorganisms immune-dysfunction around calving clearly play key roles in development, metabolic factors also contribute. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial deacetylase regulating energy redox homeostasis, antagonizes lipo...

Functional defects in mitochondrial biology causally contribute to various human diseases, including cardiovascular disease. Impairment in oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and increased opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore add to the underlying mechanisms of heart failure or myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Recent evidence demonstrated ...

Abstract Background and Aims Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical complication that has high morbidity mortality. Although there have been substantial advances in understanding AKI mechanisms, at present, are no effective therapies to treat or prevent it. Method We had formerly found TUG891, GPR120 (a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family) agonist, alleviated tubular...

A hallmark of p53 function is to regulate a transcriptional program in response to extracellular and intracellular stress that directs cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. Independent of the role of p53 in the nucleus, some of the anti-proliferative functions of p53 reside within the mitochondria [1]. p53 can arrest cell growth in response to mitochondrial p53 in an EJ bladder...