Due to the characteristics of underwater acoustic channel, media access control (MAC) protocols designed for underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWASNs) are quite different from those for terrestrial wireless sensor networks. Moreover, in a sink-oriented network with event information generation in a sensor field and message forwarding to the sink hop-by-hop, the sensors near the sink have to ...

Methane is a significant atmospheric trace gas in the context of greenhouse warming and climate change. The dominant sink of atmospheric methane is the hydroxyl radical (OH). Recently, a mechanism for production of chlorine radicals (Cl) in the marine boundary layer (MBL) via bromine autocatalysis has been proposed. The importance 5 of this mechanism in producing a methane sink is not clear at ...

Methane is a significant atmospheric trace gas in the context of greenhouse warming and climate change. The dominant sink of atmospheric methane is the hydroxyl radical (OH). Recently, a mechanism for production of chlorine radicals (Cl) in the marine boundary layer (MBL) via bromine autocatalysis has been proposed. The importance of this mechanism in producing a methane sink is not clear at pr...

The effect of chilling on translocation in higher plants was reviewed by separate consideration of path, sink, and source-cooling effects. The response of the sink to chilling indicates that the effect is mainly due to the inhibition of a metabolic process, while the response of the path to chilling suggests that the effect is mainly due to physical damage such as alteration of membranes. Sugar...

An analytical simulation model has been developed for predicting and optimizing the thermal performance of bidirectional fin heat sinks in a partiaHy confined configuration. Sample calculations are carried out, and parametric plots are provided, illustrating the effect of various design parameters on the performance of a heat sink. It is observed that the actual convection flow velocity through...

in order to investigate of the effects of water stress on seed yield and gas exchange and to evaluate the relationship between source and sink in sunflower azargol variety, a split-plot factorial field experiment was conducted in 2008. in this experiment, water stress (no irrigation from 30 days after sowing till ripening) and irrigation (irrigation at -3 bar soil water potential) were consider...

Light (about 3,000 foot-candles) neither increased nor decreased the sink strength of young, rapidly expanding leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Black Valentine, as measured by the comparative rates of import of (14)C-labeled photosynthates by sink leaves in the light versus dark in short term experiments. Although irradiated sink leaves accumulated more (14)C activity, the difference was ful...

The historical development of thermodynamics follows the industrial revolution in the 19 century, and the advent of heat engines. It is interesting to see how such practical considerations as the efficiency of engines can lead to abstract ideas like entropy. An idealized heat engine works by taking in a certain amount of heat QH , from a heat source (for example a coal fire), converting a porti...

Mixed fluorescent and incandescent light increased growth and sink strength of the uppermost young shoot of rose plants (Rosa hybrida cv. Marimba) in comparison to pure fluorescent light. This was manifested by increased apical dominance. Monochromatic low-energy red light, given by means of optic fibers for 24 hours to shoot tips that had been previously darkened for 5 days, increased the tran...