U-shaped tight curvatures in optical fibers lead to resonant couplings between the fundamental and higher order modes that are sensible different parameters, such as strain or temperature, for example. The response of sensor consists on shift wavelength coupling. In case singlemode fibers, coupling involves a so-called “cladding mode” and, due its evanescent field, curved region will be changes...

Introduction: Stable single fundamental mode operation of a laser has drawn attention for a variety of applications in short and mid-range high quality optical networks, such as local area networks (LAN) and storage area networks (SAN). For these purposes, vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have been considered as promising optical sources over distributed feedback lasers not only...

The future International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is a complex installation that will require permanent monitoring and frequent maintenance operations. The high-gamma dose rates, the high neutron fluence and other radiological hazards call for the use of remotehandled equipment. The management of heavy umbilicals connecting the control systems with the remote tools is therefore...

purpose : to determine the nerve fiber layer and macular thickness by optical coherence tomography (oct) in emmetropic, high-myopic and high-hyperopic eyes methods : one hundred five eyes of 55 randomly selected healthy subjects between 20 and 30 years old were included in this study. the eyes were categorized in three groups (high-myopic, emmetropic and high-hyperopic) according to their cyclo...

While the rapid deployment of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technologies sustained the explosive and exponential network traffic growths in the past decade, the continuing trend of exponential traffic growth driven by data centers and emerging new services is demanding deployment of more scalable and flexible networking technologies. The legacy WDM technologies can support traffic up t...

This study presents a full-duplex Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) system providing the users' wireless access with a bit rate of 10 Gbps over 40 GHz radio carrier. This system can be used in a centralized radio access network (C-RAN) architecture because we provide a fully analog front haul link between central station and base station. We can consider it as infrastructure between remote radio heads (RR...

in this paper first we try to analysis the behavior ofthe soas in the optical networks and then have proposed anumerical simple model to simulate the behavior of thesemiconductor optical amplifiers. after that by employing thismodel as inline amplifier for a dwdm optical system, we havesimulated the transmission of 10 channels with bit rate 10 gb/sup to distance 3970 km with rz-dpsk modulation ...

and test fucture. The light generated by a high speed 800nm wavelength transmitter was coupled to the detectors using a singlemode fibre. The level of optical power was adjusted by a variable optical attenuator. Fig. 3 shows the eye diagram of a 2.4Gbit/s input current to the laser transmitter and the received eye diagram at 1V9 error rate. The bit error rate (BER) has been measured against inc...

The basic advantage of single-mode fibers for deep nulling applications resides in their spatial filtering ability, and has now long been known. However, and as suggested more recently, a singlemode fiber can also be used for direct coherent recombination of spatially separated beams, i.e. in a “multi-axial” nulling scheme. After the first successful demonstration of deep (<2e-6) visible LASER ...

In this technical report, we illustrate how optical devices and systems are formulated and implemented in the Berkeley Model and Algorithm Prototyping Platform (MAPP). With examples and their code snapshots, this report documents the current structure and capabilities of MAPP’s optical modules. It is also useful as a quick-start guide for new users working with optical modelling and simulation ...