this paper examines the relationship between environmental law and intellectual property law in light of international documents and procedures. the key question raised here is the role of intellectual property law in conservation of global environment. in this regard, we can express two general approaches: the neutral theory of intellectual property right and the systemic theory of intellectua...

to complete “the use theory of meaning”, paul horwich put forward a new thesis upon which some usages of a word have explanatory role and justify the overall use-regularities of that word. these specific usages have a basic acceptance property which makes them believable in user’s belief system and, like a semantic axiom, make other usages justified. but, there are still some usages that cannot...

Do Southern intellectual property rights (IPRs) affect Northern innovation? There is much theoretical debate on the impact of IPRs in the South on the incentives of Northern firms to innovate and transfer technologies to the South. While empirical research exists on the effects of Southern IPRs on Northern technology transfers, empirical evidence on the effects of Southern IPRs on Northern inno...

Abstract Let n ⩾ 2 n\geqslant 2 . In this note, we give a short uniform proof of property R ∞ R_{\infty} for the Artin–Tits groups spherical types A A_{n} , B B_{n} D <m:...

the division of possession into a trustful and liable one is a mechanism from the legislator to define the responsibility of a person possesses the other&apos;s property. the possessor of the other&apos;s property is held responsible for the property itself and its benefits regardless of whether he has used it or not. although a trust possessor is not responsible for damages caused to the trust...

in this paper, we study the arens regularity properties of module actions and we extend some proposition from baker, dales, lau and others into general situations. we establish some relationships between the topological centers of module actions and factorization properties of them with some results in group algebras. in 1951 arens shows that the second dual of banach algebra endowed with the e...

fullerenes are closed−cage carbon molecules formed by 12 pentagonal and n/2 – 10hexagonal faces, where n is the number of carbon atoms. patrick fowler in his lecture inmcc 2009 asked about the wiener index of fullerenes in general. in this paper werespond partially to this question for an infinite class of fullerenes with exactly 10ncarbon atoms. our method is general and can be applied to full...

I study the role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in a model of endogenous growth with sequential innovation. The model mimics the innovation process in hi-tech sectors where many of the techniques and products used in R&D are recent discoveries themselves. Depending on the structure of the patent system, some of these discoveries might still be protected by a patent. In this context IPRs...

let $g$ be a group and $h$ a subgroup of $g$‎. ‎ $h$ is said to have semi-$pi$-property in $g$ if there is a subgroup $t$ of $g$ such that $g=ht$ and $hcap t$ has $pi$-property in $t$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎investigating on semi-$pi$-property of subgroups‎, ‎we shall obtain some new description of finite groups‎.