The research dealt with a description of the descriptions originally used by scholars "Al-Jarh and Al-Ta’deel" (discrediting endorsement) in their criticism conditions narrators who were described this description. "Best” without Addition، when researching conditions، “Best People” is modified narrators، as well reviled according to some imams Jarh Tadheel ، but not others. It indicates rank le...

This article assesses a Shi‘i-Lebanese debate over Sunni Hadith in the context of state formation and Shi‘i integration into this new entity. ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn Sharaf al-Dīn al-Mūsawī, most authoritative jurist his time, relied on compilers Hadith, to prove veracity Islam, audience. Nevertheless, these treatises cannot be viewed as traditional polemics. Instead, they reflected Mūsawī’s position pr...

one of the issues always debated in the history of shi‘ism is the conjecture about the imamate of ismā‘īl after the martyrdom of imam sādiq (as), expressed in ismā‘īlī books and sometimes the imāmī. the reasons that led to the conjecture about the imamate of ismā‘īl include: the narrations indicating thatimamate belongs to an older child, the attention and affection of the sixth imam to ismā‘īl...

In his seminal book on the historical periods of Western attitudes toward death, Philippe Aries describes four consecutive periods through which these attitudes evolved and transformed. According to him, the historical attitudes of Western cultures have passed through four major parts described above: "Tamed Death," One's Own Death," "Thy Death," and "Forbidden Death." This paper, after explori...

Imam Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahim (may God have mercy on him) lived at the end of second century and middle third AH, characterized by maturity prosperity scientific movement. Therefore, competition in seeking knowledge traveling for it was a visible matter, classification, teaching, travel were some prominent features people that era. He student best scholars his time, most distinguished whom Ahm...