....................................................................................................................................... iii CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 1 THESIS ORGANIZATION ................................................................................................

Background: Pestiviruses cause economically important diseases in domestic ruminants worldwide. Border Disease is a congenital viral infection of sheep, caused by a pestivirus, and is first reported in the Border region of Wales and England. The BDV has worldwide distribution in sheep with different prevalences among countries. Vertical transmission is an important route in the epidemiology of ...

Background Brucellosis is widespread in Ethiopia with variable reported prevalence depending on the geographical area, husbandry practices and animal species. However, there limited information disease amongst pastoral communities, whose life intricately linked their livestock. Methodology We conducted an integrated human-animal brucellosis sero-surveillance study two adjacent regions, Afar Som...

Border disease (BD) is a viral disease of sheep and goats first reported in sheep in 1959 from the border region of England and Wales, and since recorded world-wide. Distribution of the virus is world-wide. Prevalence rates vary in sheep from 5% to 50% between countries and from region to region within countries. Clinical signs include barren ewes, abortions, stillbirths and the birth of small ...

Rectal swabs from 155 sheep and 252 goats from Grenada were evaluated to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter spp., antibiotic resistance, and multilocus sequence types. Fifteen Campylobacter isolates were obtained (14 C. jejuni and 1 C. coli). The prevalence (3.7%) did not differ significantly between sheep (4.5%) and goats (3.2%). Among the seven antimicrobials tested, resistance was onl...

Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular pathogen known to be the causative agent of Q fever, a zoonosis with a worldwide occurrence. The most common reservoirs for infection in humans are domestic farm animals such as cattle, goats, and sheep. Although C. burnetii can cause abortion and still birth, most animals have a persistent, relatively asymptomatic subclinical infection. Infection ...

Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence was determined in 3333 sheep sera from 125 distinct sheep flocks in Scotland, with the majority of flocks being represented by 27 samples, which were collected between July 2006 and August 2008. The selected farms give a representative sample of 14,400 sheep holdings identified in the Scottish Government census data from 2004. Overall T. gondii seroprevalence, a...

background toxoplasmosis is a widespread disease in humans and many other species of warm-blooded animals. among livestock animals, sheep and goat are more widely infected by toxoplasma gondii. this parasite is a major cause of abortion, with significant economic losses for sheep and goat breeders. objectives the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method was employed to detect of the t. gondii dna...