In this paper, to simulate mechanical stress on the cutter bar of the harvesting combine during cutting of wheat stems, first, shearing strength of the stems was measured for various moisture content levels and cutting heights. After that the cutter bar of combine was simulated by Abaqus with the specified conditions. The results of the simulation showed that with increase in moisture content o...

This paper reports on an experimental and analytical investigation conducted into efficacy of the scraping shear-test method in estimating the shearing adhesive strength of a thermally sprayed coating. It was found that the critical average shear stress, the apparent failure strength of WC-Co thermal spray coating, depends on both the dimensions of the test piece and the loading position around...

Three varieties of wheat and knife bevel angles, four levels of moisture content and three shearing speeds of pendulum were considered to determine their effects on the shearing energy of wheat straw. Results showed that the effects of variety, knife bevel angle, moisture content and shearing speed on shearing energy were significant (P<0.01). Shearing energy decreased with decreasing moisture ...

A method that uses grain growth direction in electrodeposited copper foil to measure cyclic biaxial stress is examined in this paper. The grain growth direction is measured by image processing software after a cyclic loading test for various biaxial stress ratios is carried out. Since the grain growth occurs in two directions and its directions correspond closely with the direction of maximum s...

Based on a mesoscopic theory we investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of a sheared nematic liquid, with the control parameter being the shear stress σ xy (rather than the usual shear rate, γ). To this end we supplement the equations of motion for the orientational order parameters by an equation for γ, which then becomes time dependent. Shearing the system from an isotropic state, the stress-...

Constitutive equations for electrorheological (ER) fluids have been based on experimental results for steady shearing flows and constant electric fields. The fluids have been modeled as being rigid until a yield stress is reached. Additional stress is then proportional to the shear rate. Recent experimental results indicate that ER materials have a regime of solid-like response when deformed fr...

The study involved 120 crossbred ewes (sixty 1.5 years old animals and sixty 2.5 years old animals; initial liveweight 67.6 kg, condition score 3.7), that were mated in October. They were assigned to six treatments (two shearing treatments (shorn and unshorn) × two silage feed values (low and medium) and two extended grazed herbage allowances (1.0 and 1.8 kg dry matter (DM)/day)) designed to ev...

We aimed at elucidating the influence of shear-induced structures (shear-enhanced concentration fluctuations and/or shear-induced phase separation), as observed by rheo-optical methods with small-angle light scattering under shear flow (shear-SALS) and shear-microscopy, on viscoelastic properties in semidilute polystyrene (PS) solutions of 6.0 wt % concentration using dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as...