We show herein how mechanical forces at macro or micro scales may affect the biological response at the nanoscale. The reason resides in the intimate link between chemistry and mechanics at the molecular level. These interactions occur under dynamic conditions such as the shear stress induced by flowing blood or the intracellular tension. Thus, resisting removal by mechanical forces, e.g., shea...

BACKGROUND Prompt-L-Pop is a sixth generation bonding system contains methacrylated phosphoric acid esters that combine an acidic component for etching the enamel and a primer, is an all-in-one adhesive. This study was undertaken to compare the bonding strength of brackets to enamel with traditional bonding technique and the new Prompt-L-Pop system using the same composite resin. MATERIALS AN...

The work herein represents a novel approach for the modeling of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transport from the artery lumen into the arterial wall, taking into account the effects of local wall shear stress (WSS) on the endothelial cell layer and its pathways of volume and solute flux. We have simulated LDL transport in an axisymmetric representation of a stenosed coronary artery, where the e...

Whether brachial artery FMD (flow-mediated dilation) is altered in pregnancy by 28-35 weeks compared with non-pregnant women remains controversial. The controversy may be due to limitations of previous studies that include failing to: (i) test non-pregnant controls in the mid-late luteal phase, (ii) account for effects of pregnancy on the dilatory shear stimulus, (iii) account for physical acti...

Adhesion and friction are closely related and play a predominant role in many natural processes. From the wall-clinging feet of the gecko to bacteria forming a biofilm, in many cases adhesion is a necessity to survive. The direction in which forces are applied has shown to influence the bond strength of certain systems tremendously and can mean the difference between adhesion and detachment. Th...

The steady-state responses of endothelial cell F-actin distribution to changes in in vivo shear stress have been well documented. The purpose of the current work was to define the dynamics of redistribution of F-actin in the period immediately after experimental changes in shear. We used abdominal aortic coarctation in rabbits to experimentally increase shear stress downstream from the coarctat...

BACKGROUND Considering the probability of chemical and enzymatic reactions between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the dentin structure and their specific inhibitors, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of specific inhibitor of MMPs (galardin) on the shear bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements to dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-eig...

INTRODUCTION Esthetics is one of the common issues because of which patients consult dental orthodontic treatment. Two ways of tooth bleaching are available these days, which includes in-office bleach and home bleach. Various bleaching protocols are available these days for treating the tooth surfaces. Hence, we planned the present study for investigating the impact of various intracoronal blea...

We present a method for removal of the contaminating effects of intrinsic galaxy alignments, in measurements of cosmic shear from multicolour weak lensing surveys. The method down-weights pairs which are likely to be close in three dimensions, based on spectroscopic or photometric redshifts. Results are dramatic: the intrinsic contamination of the low-redshift Sloan photometric redshift survey ...

Although cement-within-cement revision arthroplasty minimizes the complications associated with removal of secure PMMA, failure at the interfacial region between new and old cement mantles remains a theoretical concern. This article assesses the variability in shear properties of bilaminar cement mantles related to duration of postcure and the use of antibiotic cements. Bilaminar cement mantles...