We construct an open bounded star-shaped set Ω ⊂ R 4 whose cylindrical capacity is strictly bigger than its proper displacement energy.

neither negative control nor control to prevent microbes from escaping was set when the S-shaped flask experiments were performed by Pasteur. Microscope was not used to observe the media in the flasks. Louis Pasteur’s S-shaped flask experiment was re-examined by using U-shaped flasks, modified S-shaped flasks and microscope. A mixture of microbes was isolated from the room air, from which one r...

Motivated by recent experiments, numerical simulations were performed of cylindrically converging shock waves. The converging shocks impinged upon a set of zero to sixteen regularly space obstacles. For more than two obstacles the resulting diffracted shock fronts formed polygonal shaped patterns near the point of focus. The maximum pressure and temperature as a function of number of obstacles ...

An orthogonal drawing of a plane graph G is a planar drawing of G, denoted by D(G), such that each vertex of G is drawn as a point on the plane, and each edge of G is drawn as a sequence of horizontal and vertical line segments with no crossings. An orthogonal polygon P is called orthogonally convex if the intersection of any horizontal or vertical line L and P is either a single line segment o...

A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed to analyze the open-channel flow in a new set of egg-shaped pipes for small combined sewer systems. The egg-shaped cross-section was selected after studying several geometries under different flow conditions. Once the egg-shaped cross-section was defined, a real-scale physical model was built and a series of partial-full flow experiments ...

Complex three-dimensional (3D)-shaped particles could play unique roles in biotechnology, structural mechanics and self-assembly. Current methods of fabricating 3D-shaped particles such as 3D printing, injection moulding or photolithography are limited because of low-resolution, low-throughput or complicated/expensive procedures. Here, we present a novel method called optofluidic fabrication fo...

Background: Here we describe a new case of partial distal 10q trisomy in a 6-year-old Iranian girl from healthy parents with mental, growth, and psychomotor retardations. Methods: Additional clinical features include dysmorphic craniofacial features, microcephaly, bilateral hydronephrosis without heart problems, small and rotated low-set ears, bow-shaped mouth, abnormal teeth, short neck, an...

In this paper, a new five-parameter lifetime and reliability distribution named “the exponentiated Uniform-Pareto distribution (EU-PD),” has been suggested that it has a bathtub-shaped and inverse bathtub-shape for modeling lifetime data. This distribution has applications in economics, actuarial modelling, reliability modeling, lifetime and biological sciences. Firstly, the mathematical and st...

Models of spatial attention are often based on the concept of a salience map. In computational cognitive neuroscience, such maps are implemented as a collection of nodes with self-excitation and lateral inhibition between all nodes (competitive interaction map). Here, we test some critical predictions of this idea. We argued that task demands, more precisely the level of attention required, can...

When a triangulation of a set of points and edges is required, the constrained Delaunay triangulation is often the preferred choice because of its well-shaped triangles. However, in applications like terrain modeling, it is sometimes necessary to have flexibility to optimize some other aspect of the triangulation, while still having nicely-shaped triangles and including a set of constraints. Hi...