A serological diagnostic test using phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) developed in the 1980s is commercially available, but the method is still inefficient in detecting all forms of leprosy. Therefore, more-specific and -reliable serological methods have been sought. We have characterized major membrane protein II (MMP-II) as a candidate protein for a new serological antigen. In this study, we eval...

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira. This disease affects several animals and humans. Symptoms leptospirosis can range from mild to severe, may in some cases lead death. For diagnosis leptospirosis, microscopic agglutination test considered “gold standard”; however, it has limitations studies are being conducted develop alternative methods screening...

BACKGROUND Breakdown of the gut mucosal barrier during chronic HIV infection allows translocation of bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from the gut into the circulation. Microbial translocation also occurs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD serological markers are useful in the diagnosis of IBD and to differentiate between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC...

The minute streptococci comprise a unique group with respect to their physiological and serological characteristics, as well as their nutritional requirements. Serologically they constitute Lancefield's serological group F and type 1, group G. The type specific antigen that defines type 1 in both serological groups appears to be identical, thus resulting in cross reactions among these streptoco...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the serological cross-reactivity between Leishmania sp. and other canine pathogens. METHODS Positive serum samples for Ehrlichia canis, Babesia canis, Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Trypanosoma cruzi were tested using three serological methods enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) ...