BACKGROUND Transfusion is a cornerstone of the management of sickle cell disease but carries a high risk of hemolytic transfusion reaction, probably because of differences in erythrocyte antigens between blood donors of European descent and patients of African descent. Patients may experience hemolytic transfusion reactions that are delayed by from a few days to two weeks and manifest as acute ...

introduction: although significant development in the field of medicine is achieved, sepsis is still a major issue threatening humans’ lives. this study was aimed to audit the management of severe sepsis and septic shock patients in emergency department (ed) according to the present standard guidelines. method: this is a prospective audit on approaching adult septic patients who were admitted t...

Anaphylactic transfusion reactions are rare complications of blood transfusions. Anhaptoglobinemia, a condition that has high incidence in Asia, can cause allergic transfusion reactions or anaphylaxis in severe cases. A 50-yr-old Korean woman was diagnosed with relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. She developed thrombocytopenia during chemotherapy and an anaphylactic transfusion reaction on t...

The Di(a) antigen is well known as one of the antigens with low incidence among Caucasians; however, it has been discovered with a relatively higher incidence among Mongoloid populations. Thus, it has been speculated that the incidence of unexpected antibody against the Di(a) antigen might be relatively higher among these populations. Hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) and hemolytic disease...

Septicemia in the young infant, particularly the newborn, has a high mortality despite the use of potent anti-microbial agents. Case reports and studies reporting the successful use of Exchange Transfusion (E. T.) in Septicemia of the newborn prompted us to apply this measure in this patient. 1.2 However we have not found any reports on the use E.T. beyond the neonatal period, in the critically...

Liver dysfunction plays a significant role in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients’ morbidity and mortality. Metabolic, hemodynamic and inflammatory factors contribute in liver damage. Hemorrhagic shock, septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction, acute respiratory dysfunction, metabolic disorders, myocardial dysfunction, infection from hepatitis virus, and therapeutic measures such as blood tr...

OBJECTIVE To review pathophysiology and management of hypovolaemic, cardiogenic and septic shock in a two part presentation. DATA SOURCES Articles and published peer-review abstracts and a review of studies reported from 1994 to 1998 and identified through a MEDLINE search of the English language literature on septic shock, cardiogenic shock and hypovolaemic shock. SUMMARY OF REVIEW The pat...

The mortality of sepsis may be decreasing and, because there are more survivors, it is increasingly important to understand the epidemiology, pathogenesis, genetics, prevention, and treatment of the impaired long-term outcomes of sepsis. Recent insights on the clearance of bacterial products during sepsis suggest new strategies for early intervention. Immune suppression/immune reprogramming to ...

BACKGROUND Sepsis and septic shock represent a systemic inflammatory state with substantial pro-coagulant elements. Unfractionated heparin is a known anticoagulant, which also possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Unfractionated heparin has been shown to increase survival in experimental models of septic shock. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of intravenous therapeutic dose unfractionated ...

Early resuscitation of septic shock patients reduces the sepsis-related morbidity and mortality. The main goals of septic shock resuscitation include volemic expansion, maintenance of adequate tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery, guided by central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure, mixed or central venous oxygen saturation and arterial lactate levels. An aggressive fluid resuscitation, p...