OBJECTIVE It is unknown if "sexting" (i.e., sending/receiving sexually explicit cell phone text or picture messages) is associated with sexual activity and sexual risk behavior among early adolescents, as has been found for high school students. To date, no published data have examined these relationships exclusively among a probability sample of middle school students. METHODS A probability ...

Notch and its ligands mediate short-range cell interactions that play a conserved role in inducing cell fate specification. Several regulatory mechanisms have been described to ensure robust polarized signaling from signal-sending to signal-receiving cells. High levels of ligand expression activate Notch in nearby cells and exert a cell-autonomous dominant-negative effect on Notch activity. Thi...

Remittances are an important source of external financing in low- and middle-income countries. This paper uses the gravity model to analyze remittance flows Russia Caucasus Central Asia Standard determinants, such as gross domestic product sending receiving countries, bilateral distance, existence common borders official language, fit remittance, flow well. also react inflation exchange rate mo...

In ETSI standard ES 202 739 and ES 202 740 a new testing technique for the measurement of wideband terminals is introduced. Tolerance masks are given for sending and receiving frequency response characteristics. As an important new concept in this standard no longer the ear reference point (ERP) but the free field reference point is used for determining the response characteristics in receiving...

in this paper, the main results are:a study of the finitely generated mv-algebras of continuous functions from the n-th power of the unit real interval i to i;a study of hopfian mv-algebras; anda category-theoretic study of the map sending an mv-algebra as above to the range of its generators (up to a suitable form of homeomorphism).

Abstra t | Mobile communication systems like handhelds and laptops still suffer from low operation time due to limited battery capacity. We exploit the relative new approach of protocol harmonization to extend the time between battery charges in mobile devices using an IEEE 802.11 network interface. Many known energy saving mechanisms only concentrate on a single protocol layer while others onl...

In this paper, we study the transport capacity – the transported bit-meters per symbol period per node, and the space time spectrum power efficiency – the transported bit-meters per Hz per second per square meter per watt for large wireless CDMA ad hoc networks. The node density and processing gain tend to infinity with their ratio kept a constant. The limiting networks consist of infinitely de...

The use of Instant Messaging, or IM, has become widely adopted in private and corporate communication. They can provide instant, multi-directed and multi-types of communications which make the message spreading in IM different from those in WWW, Blog and email systems. Groups have great impacts on message spreading in IM. The research demonstrates the power law distribution of groups in MSN wit...