Cell patterning is useful for a variety of biological applications such as tissue engineering and drug discovery. In particular, the ability to localize cells within distinct fluids is beneficial for a variety of applications ranging from microencapsulation to high-throughput analysis. However, despite much progress, cell immobilization and maintenance within patterned microscale droplets remai...

It is important to predict which invasive species will benefit from future changes in climate, and thereby identify those invaders that need particular attention and prioritization of management efforts. Because establishment, persistence, and spread determine invasion success, this prediction requires detailed demographic information. Explicit study of the impact of pattern on demographic resp...

The fabrication and surface modification of a porous cell scaffold are very important in tissue engineering. Of most concern are high-density cell seeding, nutrient and oxygen supply, and cell affinity. In the present study, poly(L-lactic acid) and poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (70/30) cell scaffolds with different pore structures were fabricated. An improved method based on Archimedes' Princ...

Ecologists are searching for models, frameworks, and principles that provide a bridge between theory and the practice of restoration. Successional management has been proposed as a useful model for managing and restoring invasive-plant-dominated rangeland because it provides a framework in which ecological processes can be manipulated by managers to achieve a desired plant community. Succession...

The development of high-performance graphene-based nanoelectronics requires the integration of ultrathin and pinhole-free high-k dielectric films with graphene at the wafer scale. Here, we demonstrate that self-assembled monolayers of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) act as effective organic seeding layers for atomic layer deposition (ALD) of HfO(2) and Al(2)O(3) on epitaxi...

Cells are constantly subjected to a host of external signals which can influence their state, phenotype and behavior. Mammalian cells are dependent on signals from surrounding cells to maintain viability, proliferate and coordinate their actions. During developmental and regenerative processes, these lateral signals between cells provide instructive cues informing stem cells how, when and where...

in order to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (n) and seeding rate and presence of rapeseed residues on yield and yield components of wheat, a field experiment was conducted in cropping year 2011- 12 at college of agriculture, shiraz university (badjgah), shiraz, iran as split-split plot arranged in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. treatment included presence and absence...

Experiments performed at JET during the past two years show that, in high triangularity H-mode plasmas with Ip = 2.5 MA, ne/nGr ≈ 1.0, it is possible to radiate separately up to ≈40% of the total injected power on closed flux surfaces in the pedestal region (argon seeding) and up to ≈50% of the injected power in the divertor region (nitrogen seeding), while maintaining the confinement improveme...

Biodiversity experiments show that increases in plant diversity can lead to greater biomass production, and some researchers suggest that high diversity plantings should be used for bioenergy production. However, many methods used in past biodiversity experiments are impractical for bioenergy plantings. For example, biodiversity experiments often use intensive management such as hand weeding to...

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND Despite major progress in our general knowledge related to the application of adult stem cells, finding alternative sources for bone marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) has remained to be challenged. In this study successful isolation, multilineage differentiation, and proliferation potentials of sheep MSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and liver were widel...