Lymphocyte is one of the subtypes of white blood cell (WBC) in immune system. Lymphocytes contain T cells, natural killer cells , and B cells. They are the head type of cell found in lymph, which for this reason the name "lymphocyte". Lymphocytes can be recognized by their large nucleus. Infiltration of immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) helps the start of chronic pain. ...

Biomimetic AIE Nanodots In article number 2206346, Zhang, Cai, Gong, and co-workers report biomimetic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanodots based on dendritic cell membrane coating nanoaggregate of NIR-II AIEgens. These can hitchhike endogenous T cells during blood circulation to enhance the tumor delivery efficiency stimulate in immunosuppressive microenvironment secreting cytokine TNF-α...

In pancreatic B- and A-cells, metabolic stimuli regulate biochemical and electrical processes that culminate in Ca2+-influx and release of insulin or glucagon, respectively. Like in other (neuro)endocrine cells, Ca2+-influx triggers the rapid exocytosis of hormone-containing secretory granules. Only a small fraction of granules (<1% in insulin-secreting B-cells) can be released immediately, whi...

Rat pancreatic AR42J cells possess exocrine and neuroendocrine properties. Activin A induces morphological changes and converts them into neuron-like cells. In activin-treated cells, mRNA for pancreatic polypeptide (PP) but not that for either insulin or glucagon was detected by reverse transcription-PCR. About 25% of the cells were stained by anti-PP antibody. When AR42J cells were incubated w...

PURPOSE This study investigated interleukin (IL)-17-secreting cell involvement in sterile inflammation, and evaluated the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on IL-17-secreting cell immunologic profiling. METHODS Twenty mice were sacrificed at time points of 6 hours, 1 day, 1 week, and 3 weeks (each group, n = 5) after the cornea was chemically injured with 0.5N NaOH; IL-17 changes in the...

The nerve injury, whether it results in tissue loss or not, involves cutting off the nerve, making impossible for two portions to interact and, as a result, impairing functionality. Mesenchymal stem cells are one of best options cell therapy many diseases due their distinct functional properties, such potent differentiation capacity, immunomodulatory capacity and growth support. secretome gener...

Human Helicobacter pylori infection gives rise to an active chronic gastritis and is a major risk factor for the development of duodenal ulcer disease and gastric adenocarcinoma. The infection is accompanied by a large accumulation of immunoglobulin A (IgA)-secreting cells in the gastric mucosa, and following mucosal immunization only H. pylori-infected volunteers mounted a B-cell response in t...

Although the physiologic pathways that control regulatory T cells (Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells, IL-10-secreting Tr1 cells) and Th17 cells in rodents have been defined, the factors that control these differentiation pathways in humans are not well understood. In this study, we show that IL-27 promotes the differentiation of IL-10-secreting Tr1 cells while inhibiting Th17 generation and m...

The involvement of T-helper (Th)1, Th17 and Th22 cell subsets, in immunity, as well as in pathological inflammatory reactions, makes it important to determine their relative proportion. A triple FluoroSpot detecting the hallmark cytokines of Th1 (IFN-γ), Th17 (IL-17A) and Th22 (IL-22) was developed and evaluated using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors incubated with t...

mammalians express several subclasses of the igg molecule. in human being there are four homologous igg subclasses, each of which is structurally unique and has different functions. quantification of igg subclasses is fundamental to clinical assessment and diagnosis of many diseases as such assessments depends on the availability of subclassspecific antibodies (abs), particularly monoclonal ant...