The propagation of P2P worm covers large area and causes great damage. A dynamic quarantine protocol is designed to quarantine the suspicious host in the P2P system. Then a mathematical model of PWPQ is proposed which considering the dynamic process of peer joining and leaving. The effect of dynamic quarantine on active P2P worm is analyzed. Through stability analysis for PWPQ model, a key argu...

The prevalence of hookworm infection is as high as 95% in certain communities of developing countries particularly in the tropical and sub tropical areas (Hoagland and scad, 1978; walsh and warren, 1979). The chronic internal blood loss caused due to hook worm infection is associated with iron deficiency anaemia, protein, folic acid and vitamin B12 (Roche and Layrisse, 1996; Woodruff, 1982; Li,...

A 27-year-old woman with a type II odontoid fracture was treated by anterior odontoid screw fixation. Radiographic union at the fracture site was obtained 3 months after surgery. Nearly 3 years after surgery, she presented at a local Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) clinic with a 2-month history of dysphagia. Laryngoscopy identified the head of the odontoid lag screw. Plain radiography showed that t...

A study of hookworm infections of schoolchildren was conducted in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, southern Thailand. Of the 2,940 hookworms that were recovered from the children, almost all (99.9%), were Necator americanus, only three (0.1%) were identified as Ancylostoma duodenale, and all were female worms. An estimation of the worm burden of and the worm expulsion from the schoolchildren indic...

Immune responses elicited by nematode parasite infections are characterized by T helper 2 (Th2) cell induction. The immunologic basis for changes in intestinal physiology accompanying nematode infection is poorly understood. This study examined whether worm expulsion and associated goblet cell hyperplasia and muscle contractility share a similar immune basis by shifting the response from Th2 to...

An encounter-based network is a frequently-disconnected wireless ad-hoc network requiring nearby neighbors to store and forward data utilizing mobility and encounters over time. Using traditional approaches such as gateways or firewalls for deterring worm propagation in encounter-based networks is inappropriate. We propose models for the worm interaction approach that relies upon automated bene...

  In order to determine prevalence of Echinoccocus and other intestinal helminths infection one hundred stray dogs were examined in Mashhad area, Khorasan province of Iran. Helminths were collected from intestinal contents obtained at the time necropsy. Ninety one percent of the dogs were infected by different helminths. The prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus was (22%). Eighteen (81%) of inf...

Helminths or worm infestations refer to worms that live as parasites in the human body and are a fundamental cause of disease associated with health and nutrition problems beyond gastrointestinal tract disturbances. Globally, over 3.5 billion people are infected with intestinal worms, of which 1.47 billion are with roundworm, 1.3 billion people with hookworm and 1.05 billion with whipworm. Scho...

the experiment was carried out in a factorial arrangement with the base of randomized complete block design in three repetitions. the first factor consisted of 11 bed for eating worm and the second factor is the different seasons (spring and autumn) respectively. traits was including number of capsules (coconut), the number of adult worms, the number of immature worms, live worms masses (mg), m...