AIMS This study examined the prevalence of alcohol ads, the spatial relationship between alcohol ads and schools, churches and playgrounds, and area-level determinants of alcohol ad density in Central Harlem, New York City. METHODS Alcohol advertising was quantified using street observation. Data on city demographics and infrastructure were obtained from the census and municipal databases. ...

The growing abundance of medical technologies has led to laments over doctors' sensory de-skilling, technologies viewed as replacing diagnosis based on sensory acumen. The technique of percussion has become emblematic of the kinds of skills considered lost. While disappearing from wards, percussion is still taught in medical schools. By ethnographically following how percussion is taught to and...

School is an environment which brings out students’ hidden talents. Paying attention to an appropriate context and environment has a huge impact on achieving this goal. The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate semantic factors provided by experts influence students’ sense of belonging at high school students in terms of Iranian experts. To this end, firstly data were collected th...

OBJECTIVE It remains unclear whether school environments can influence the emotional health of adolescents. In this large-scale prospective study, we use multilevel modeling to examine whether the school socioeducational environment contributes to the risk of developing depressive symptoms in secondary school students. METHODS As part of a longitudinal study on school success in disadvantaged...

BACKGROUND School violence can impact the social, psychological, and physical well-being of both students and teachers and disrupt the learning process. This review focuses on a new area of research, the mechanisms by which the school environment determines the likelihood of school violence. METHODS A search for peer-reviewed articles was made in six databases and the Centers for Disease Cont...

Ecological studies, when the school is the unit of analysis, may help to design and evaluate school intervention programs. The paper discusses selected contextual determinants of bullying, using data collected in Poland in 2015 and aggregated to school level (4085 students; 70 junior high schools). The main hypothesis is related to the neighborhood social capital as protective factor and the ty...

Children’s development is influenced by many contexts and institutional settings, including families, schools, childcare centres, churches, and ethnic community groups. Positive development is more likely when the social systems that help shape these settings work in a manner that enriches children’s environments and their access to resources. The capacity to work across contexts and maintain i...

In an attempt to enact equitable practices in U.S. public schools, many critical multicultural and anti-racist theorists, researchers, and practitioners strongly suggest that teacher educators move beyond diversity approaches to multicultural education in their teacher preparation programs to address the more uncomfortable issues of power and equity—namely, racism (Banks & McGee-Banks, 2006; Le...

Early in the autumn of 1931, when the United States and much of Europe were still mired in a severe economic depression, a freshman at the Yale University School of Medicine wrote to his parents who lived in Brooklyn, New York: "I am very well here, and have spent some of the best days of my life here. Everything is so informal and designed for the good of the students... ." The writer of this ...

In this study we used data on a sample of children in the Chicago Public Schools in areas of concentrated poverty-related disadvantage to examine associations between school climate and low-income children's language/literacy and math skills during the transition to kindergarten. We also explored whether teacher-child closeness moderated these associations. Multilevel modeling analyses conducte...