Intersections are the bottlenecks of the urban road system because an intersection’s capacity is only a fraction of the vehicle flows that the roads connecting to the intersection can carry. The saturation flow rate, and hence the capacity, can be doubled if vehicles can cross intersections in platoons rather than one by one as they do today. Platoon formation is enabled by connected vehicle te...

models the water flooding of an oil reservoir [6]. Water flooding involves the injection of water, which is immiscible with oil, into certain wells of the reservoir to force oil out at others. In this case, s = s(x, t) is the saturation of water (i.e., the volume fraction of water in the total fluid, 0 < s d 1 ), and g= g(s) is the particle velocity of the water. Consequently, since the total v...

We study two adaptive, distributed optimal flow control algorithms for a virtual circuit flow control in a decentralized network. These algorithms are based on greedy heuristics. Each virtual circuit (or user) attempts to adjusts its message rate to achieve an ideal tradeoff point between high throughput and low delay. The first algorithm is the bottleneck flow control algorithm where each user...

Bradycardia occurred during 363 of 1520 apnoeas of 10 seconds' duration recorded in 28 preterm infants. The incidence increased with increasing duration of apnoea (10% of 10-14 seconds, 34% of 15-20 seconds, and 75% of greater than 20 seconds, p less than 0.001). This was similar for each type of apnoea--central, mixed, and obstructive. During 133 apnoeas in five infants the time from the start...

where Pn and Pw are the average pressures of nonwetting and wetting phases, respectively; Pc is capillary pressure, Capillary pressure plays a central role in the description of water and S is the wetting phase saturation. A schematic depicflow in unsaturated soils. While capillarity is ubiquitous in unsaturated tion of Pc vs. S curves is given in Fig. 1. analyses, the theoretical basis and pra...

Living tissues require a sufficient supply of oxygen for survival. An insufficient supply of oxygen may result from impairments of the respiration or oxygen transport systems, such as lung disease, heart disease, and anemia. Supplemental oxygen therapy increases the oxygen content in the lungs and blood oxygen saturation. The control of the oxygen flow is typically adjusted manually. This manua...

Chlorella pyrenoidosa was grown in a continuous-flow chemostat under nitrogen-limited conditions. The population density tended to oscillate very significantly. Net specific growth rate was only approximately a hyperbolic function of nitrate concentration in the chemostat. The best estimate of the half-saturation constant for nitrate is 6 mug of nitrogen per liter and it is unlikely that the va...

The evaluation of capacity at signalized intersections is an important component in the proper planning, design, operation, and management of urban road street network. A procedure for determining the saturation flow rates at signalized intersections is presented in this paper; the procedure differs substantially from the procedure as discussed in the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). ANalysis of ...